Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26602984›Full record

ArticleAoB PLANTS2015

Fastest predators in the plant kingdom: functional morphology and biomechanics of suction traps found in the largest genus of carnivorous plants.

Simon Poppinga, Carmen Weisskopf, Anna Sophia Westermeier, Tom Masselter, Thomas Speck

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in AoB PLANTS, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed
5.7field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  5. Cell Wall Microdomains Analysis in the Quadrifids ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
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  7. Homogalacturonans and Hemicelluloses in the External Glands ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024
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  9. Do Arabinogalactan Proteins Occur in the Transfer Cells ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. A Historical Perspective of Bladderworts (Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Rapid movements in plants.Journal of plant research · 2021
    Review
  20. Structural Features of Carnivorous Plant (International journal of molecular sciences · 2020
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Simon PoppingaPlant Biomechanics Group, University of Freiburg, Botanic Garden, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany simon.poppinga@biologie.uni-freiburg.de.
Carmen WeisskopfPlant Biomechanics Group, University of Freiburg, Botanic Garden, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany Present address: Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Wissenschaftspark Potsdam-Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
Anna Sophia WestermeierPlant Biomechanics Group, University of Freiburg, Botanic Garden, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
Tom MasselterPlant Biomechanics Group, University of Freiburg, Botanic Garden, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
Thomas SpeckPlant Biomechanics Group, University of Freiburg, Botanic Garden, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
University of Freiburg · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Understanding the physics of plant movements, which describe the interplay between plant architecture, movement speed and actuation principles, is essential for the comprehension of important processes like plant morphogenesis. Recent investigations especially on rapid plant movements at the interface of biology, physics and engineering sciences highlight how such fast motions can be achieved without the presence of muscles, nerves and technical hinge analogies. The suction traps (bladders) of carnivorous bladderworts (Utricularia spp., Lentibulariaceae, Lamiales) are considered as some of the most elaborate moving structures in the plant kingdom. A complex interplay of morphological and physiological adaptations allows the traps to pump water out of their body and to store elastic energy in the deformed bladder walls. Mechanical stimulation by prey entails opening of the otherwise watertight trapdoor, followed by trap wall relaxation, sucking in of water and prey, and consecutive trapdoor closure. Suction can also occur spontaneously in non-stimulated traps. We review the current state of knowledge about the suction trap mechanism with a focus on architectonically homogeneous traps of aquatic bladderwort species from section Utricularia (the so-called 'Utricularia vulgaris trap type'). The functional morphology and biomechanics of the traps are described in detail. We discuss open questions and propose promising aspects for future studies on these sophisticated ultra-fast trapping devices.

Indexed as

Biomechanicsbladderwortcarnivorous plantfunctional morphologypreysuction trapUtricularia

Identifiers

PMID26602984
PMCPMC4717191
OpenAlexW2241808867

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.