Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26601309›Full record

ArticleScience advances2015

Epidermal devices for noninvasive, precise, and continuous mapping of macrovascular and microvascular blood flow.

R Chad Webb, Yinji Ma, Siddharth Krishnan, Yuhang Li, Stephen Yoon, Xiaogang Guo, Xue Feng, Yan Shi, Miles Seidel, Nam Heon Cho and 15 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07679035 (A Prospective Study Comparing CSF Shunt Flow Between "Virtual Off" and "Flow-Permissive" Shunt Valve Settings Using a Wireless, Noninvasive Shunt Flow Sensor), which is not on this map. Cited by 64 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
64citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07679035 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

A Prospective Study Comparing CSF Shunt Flow Between "Virtual Off" and "Flow-Permissive" Shunt Valve Settings Using a Wireless, Noninvasive Shunt Flow Sensor

TypeinterventionalSponsorRhaeos, Inc.Ran2026 to 2026Enrolled85ConditionsHydrocephalusArmsRhaeos Shunt Monitoring System (RSMS), ShuntCheck III
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

64 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Recent Progress in Blood Flow Sensing.Sensors and actuators. A, Physical · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Motion artefact management for soft bioelectronics.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2024
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Variations of skin thermal diffusivity on different skin regions.Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) · 2024
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Spectral analysis of laser speckle contrast imaging and infrared thermography to assess skin microvascular reactive hyperemia.Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) · 2023
    Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Ultra-Thin Flexible Encapsulating Materials for Soft Bio-Integrated Electronics.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2022
    Review

4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors.

R Chad WebbDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Yinji MaDepartments of Civil and Environmental Engineering, and Mechanical Engineering, Center for Engineering and Health, and Skin Disease Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. ; Department of Engineering Mechanics, Center for Mechanics and Materials, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Siddharth KrishnanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Yuhang LiDepartments of Civil and Environmental Engineering, and Mechanical Engineering, Center for Engineering and Health, and Skin Disease Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. ; Institute of Solid Mechanics, Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China.
Stephen YoonNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Xiaogang GuoDepartments of Civil and Environmental Engineering, and Mechanical Engineering, Center for Engineering and Health, and Skin Disease Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. ; College of Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
Xue FengDepartment of Engineering Mechanics, Center for Mechanics and Materials, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Yan ShiDepartments of Civil and Environmental Engineering, and Mechanical Engineering, Center for Engineering and Health, and Skin Disease Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA. ; State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
Miles SeidelNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Nam Heon ChoDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Jonas KurniawanDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
James AhadNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Niral ShethNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Joseph KimNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
James G TaylorGenomic Medicine Section, Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Tom DarlingtonNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Ken ChangNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Weizhong HuangDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Joshua AyersDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Alexander GruebeleDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Rafal M PielakL'Oréal California Research Center, 953 Indiana Street, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA.
Marvin J SlepianDepartment of Medicine, Sarver Heart Center, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
Yonggang HuangDepartments of Civil and Environmental Engineering, and Mechanical Engineering, Center for Engineering and Health, and Skin Disease Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Alexander M GorbachNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
John A RogersDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.

Funding

Genomic Determinants of Phenotypes of Sickle Cell DiseaseZIAHL006160 · NHLBI · NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE · PI TAYLOR, JAMES · 2012 to 2016
$5.1M
Prevalence and Prognosis of Pulmonary Hypertension in Adults with Sickle CellZIAHL006012 · NHLBI · NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE · PI TAYLOR, JAMES · 2009 to 2016
$3.5M
Design of Infrared Imaging to Assess Vascular Tone in Peripheral Vascular BedsZICEB000060 · NIBIB · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL IMAGING AND BIOENGINEERING · PI GORBACH, ALEXANDER · 2010 to 2017
$736k
Spatial Organization of Temperature-Related Circadian and Vasomotor RhythmsZICEB000075 · NIBIB · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL IMAGING AND BIOENGINEERING · PI GORBACH, ALEXANDER · 2013 to 2017
$443k
Intramural NIH HHS ZIA HL006012
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Continuous monitoring of variations in blood flow is vital in assessing the status of microvascular and macrovascular beds for a wide range of clinical and research scenarios. Although a variety of techniques exist, most require complete immobilization of the subject, thereby limiting their utility to hospital or clinical settings. Those that can be rendered in wearable formats suffer from limited accuracy, motion artifacts, and other shortcomings that follow from an inability to achieve intimate, noninvasive mechanical linkage of sensors with the surface of the skin. We introduce an ultrathin, soft, skin-conforming sensor technology that offers advanced capabilities in continuous and precise blood flow mapping. Systematic work establishes a set of experimental procedures and theoretical models for quantitative measurements and guidelines in design and operation. Experimental studies on human subjects, including validation with measurements performed using state-of-the-art clinical techniques, demonstrate sensitive and accurate assessment of both macrovascular and microvascular flow under a range of physiological conditions. Refined operational modes eliminate long-term drifts and reduce power consumption, thereby providing steps toward the use of this technology for continuous monitoring during daily activities.

Indexed as

blood flowcirculationFlexible electronicsSensorskinstretchablethermal transportwearable electronics

Identifiers

PMID26601309
PMCPMC4646823

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.