ArticleThe Journal of chiropractic education2016
Establishing force and speed training targets for lumbar spine high-velocity, low-amplitude chiropractic adjustments.
Article in The Journal of chiropractic education, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Chiropractic students' force-time parameters for chiropractic adjustments at the beginning and end of an academic term.The Journal of chiropractic education · 2025Article
- The association between students' confidence and ability to modulate spinal manipulation force-time characteristics of specific target forces: a cross-sectional study.Chiropractic & manual therapies · 2024Article
- Developing spinal manipulation psychomotor skills competency: A systematic review of teaching methods.The Journal of chiropractic education · 2023Article
- Assessment of forces during side-posture adjustment with the use of a table-embedded force plate: Reference values for education.The Journal of chiropractic education · 2023Article
- Comparison of Concordance between Chuna Manual Therapy Diagnostic Methods (Palpation, X-ray, Artificial Intelligence Program) in Lumbar Spine: An Exploratory, Cross-Sectional Clinical Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Development of a mannequin lab for clinical training in a chiropractic program.The Journal of chiropractic education · 2022Article
- Mechanical properties of a thoracic spine mannequin with variable stiffness control.The Journal of chiropractic education · 2021Article
- Genetic and physiological autonomic nervous system factors involved in failed back surgery syndrome: A review of the literature and report of nine cases treated with pulsed radiofrequency.Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2020Review
- High-velocity, low-amplitude spinal manipulation training of prescribed forces and thrust duration: A pilot study.The Journal of chiropractic education · 2020Article
- Changes in adjustment force, speed, and direction factors in chiropractic students after 10 weeks undergoing standard technique training.The Journal of chiropractic education · 2017Article
- Radiography and Clinical Decision-Making in Chiropractic.Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis SocietyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveWe developed an adjusting bench with a force plate supporting the lumbar portion to measure loads transmitted during lumbar manual adjustment. It will be used to provide force-feedback to enhance student learning in technique labs. The study goal is to define the learning target loads and speeds, with instructors as expert models.
methodsA total of 11 faculty members experienced in teaching Gonstead technique methods performed 81 simulated adjustments on a mannequin on the force plate. Adjustments were along 9 lumbopelvic "listings" at 3 load levels: light, normal, and heavy. We analyzed the thrusts to find preload, peak load, duration, and thrust rate.
resultsAnalysis of 891 thrusts showed wide variations between doctors. Peak loads ranged from 100 to 1400 N. All doctors showed clear distinctions between peak load levels, but there was overlap between high and low loads. Thrust rates were more uniform across doctors, averaging 3 N/ms.
conclusionThese faculty members delivered a range of thrusts, not unlike those seen in the literature for high velocity, low amplitude manipulation. We have established at least minimum force and speed targets for student performance, but more work must be done to create a normative adjustment to guide refinement of student learning.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.