ArticlePloS one2015
Inflammatory Mediator Profiling of n-butanol Exposed Upper Airways in Individuals with Multiple Chemical Sensitivity.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiple Chemical Sensitivity: Review of the State of the Art in Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Future Perspectives.Journal of occupational and environmental medicine · 2018Pooled it
- A Comprehensive Review of Experimental Models of Stress: Pragmatic Insight Into Psychoneuroimmunology.Health care science · 2025Review
- Multiple Chemical Sensitivity: an Italian prevalence multicentric survey.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Exposure limits for indoor volatile substances concerning the general population: The role of population-based differences in sensory irritation of the eyes and airways for assessment factors.Archives of toxicology · 2024Review
- Laboratory Test Results in Patients with Workplace Moisture Damage Associated Symptoms-The SAMDAW Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Multiple Chemical Sensitivity in Patients Exposed to Moisture Damage at Work and in General Working-Age Population-The SAMDAW Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Chemical intolerance: involvement of brain function and networks after exposure to extrinsic stimuli perceived as hazardous.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2019Review
- Building-Related Environmental Intolerance and Associated Health in the General Population.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Article
- Recent insights into 3 underrecognized conditions: Myalgic encephalomyelitis-chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, and environmental sensitivities-multiple chemical sensitivity.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2018Article
- Gene expression profiling in persons with multiple chemical sensitivity before and after a controlled n-butanol exposure session.BMJ open · 2017Article
- Experiences of persons with multiple chemical sensitivity with mental health providers.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2016Article
- Chemical Intolerance Is Associated With Altered Response Bias, not Greater Sensory Sensitivity.i-PerceptionArticle
- Repeated pulmonary exposures to zinc ions enhance inflammatory responses to subsequent metal exposures.Experimental lung researchArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMultiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) is a chronic condition characterized by reports of recurrent symptoms in response to low level exposure to various chemical substances. Recent findings suggests that dysregulation of the immune system may play a role in MCS pathophysiology.
objectivesThe aim of this study was to examine baseline and low dose n-butanol-induced upper airway inflammatory response profiles in MCS subjects versus healthy controls.
methodEighteen participants with MCS and 18 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Epithelial lining fluid was collected from the nasal cavity at three time points: baseline, within 15 minutes after being exposed to 3.7 ppm n-butanol in an exposure chamber and four hours after exposure termination. A total of 19 cytokines and chemokines were quantified. Furthermore, at baseline and during the exposure session, participants rated the perceived intensity, valence and levels of symptoms and autonomic recordings were obtained.
resultsThe physiological and psychophysical measurements during the n-butanol exposure session verified a specific response in MCS individuals only. However, MCS subjects and healthy controls displayed similar upper airway inflammatory mediator profiles (P>0.05) at baseline. Likewise, direct comparison of mediator levels in the MCS group and controls after n-butanol exposure revealed no significant group differences.
conclusionWe demonstrate no abnormal upper airway inflammatory mediator levels in MCS subjects before or after a symptom-eliciting exposure to low dose n-butanol, implying that upper airways of MCS subjects are functionally intact at the level of cytokine and chemokine production and secretory capacity. This suggests that previous findings of increased cytokine plasma levels in MCS are unlikely to be caused by systemic priming via excessive upper airway inflammatory processes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.