ArticlePreventive medicine2016
Sexual orientation disparities in smoking vary by sex and household smoking among US adults: Findings from the 2003-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.
Article in Preventive medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Scoping Review of Theory-Based Tobacco Control Efforts for Sexual and Gender Minority Populations.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Article
- Sexual minority adults exhibit greater inflammation than heterosexual adults in the context of depressive symptoms and anxiety: Pathways to health disparities.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- LGBTQ+ identity and its association with inflammation and cellular immune function.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Electronic Nicotine Delivery Devices Function as a Complement for Cigarillos in Sexual and Gender Minority Young Adult Women.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Differences in Quit Attempts, Successful Quits, Methods, and Motivations in a Longitudinal Cohort of Adult Tobacco Users by Sexual Orientation.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021Article
- A biopsychosocial framework for understanding sexual and gender minority health: A call for action.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2021Review
- Family Rejection and Cigarette Smoking Among Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents in the USA.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2020Article
- Sexual and Gender Minority U.S. Youth Tobacco Use: Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study Wave 3, 2015-2016.American journal of preventive medicine · 2019Article
- Comparisons Between Smoking Patterns Among Sexual Minority Females and Males in Romantic Relationships.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2019Article
- Waterpipe tobacco smoking among sexual minorities in the United States: Evidence from the National Adult Tobacco Survey (2012-2014).Addictive behaviors · 2017Article
- Health Inequities among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adults in North Carolina, 2011-2014.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2017Article
- A longitudinal study of persistent smoking among HIV-positive gay and bisexual men in primary relationships.Addictive behaviors · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThis study examined whether sexual orientation-related smoking disparities in males and females varied by household smoking behaviors in a nationally representative sample of American adults.
methodsData were drawn from the 2003-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, which assessed 14,972 individuals ages 20 to 59years for sexual orientation, current smoking status, and household smoking. Weighted multivariable logistic models were fit to examine whether differences in current smoking status among sexual minority adults compared to heterosexuals was moderated by household smoking and sex, adjusting for covariates.
resultsThe main effects of identifying as a sexual minority, being male, and living with a household smoker were all associated with a significantly higher odds of being a current smoker. However, there also was a significant three-way interaction among these variables (adjusted odds ratio=3.75, 95% confidence interval: 1.33, 10.54). Follow-up analyses by sex indicated that the interaction between sexual identity and household smoking was significant for both males (AOR=6.40, 95% confidence interval: 1.27, 32.28) and females (AOR=0.43, 95% confidence interval: 0.23, 0.81) but was in the opposite direction. Among males, living with a smoker was associated more strongly with greater odds of smoking among gay and bisexual males, compared to heterosexual males. In contrast, among females, living with a smoker was more strongly associated with greater odds of smoking for heterosexuals compared to lesbians and bisexuals.
conclusionsFuture research is warranted to examine characteristics of households, including smoking behaviors and composition, to guide more effective and tailored smoking cessation interventions for males and females by sexual orientation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.