ArticleMedical care2016
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care Access and Utilization Under the Affordable Care Act.
Article in Medical care, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 225 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
225 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Crisis Standards of Care in the USA: A Systematic Review and Implications for Equity Amidst COVID-19.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2021Pooled it
- Predictors of 30-day unplanned hospital readmission among adult patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review with meta-analysis.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2020Pooled it
- How to Classify Super-Utilizers: A Methodological Review of Super-Utilizer Criteria Applied to the Utah Medicaid Population, 2016-2017.Population health management · 2020Pooled it
- Small Randomized Controlled Trial of the New Passport to Wellness HIV Prevention Intervention for Black Men Who Have Sex With Men (BMSM).AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2020Trial
- State-Funded Health Insurance Expansion for Noncitizen Immigrants and Hospital Uncompensated Care.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Determinants of Mental Health Service Utilization Among Immigrant Caregivers and Their Children in a US-Mexico Border Community.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2026Article
- Unattributed Medicare beneficiaries have greater social disadvantage than those linked to primary care physicians.Health affairs scholar · 2026Article
- Therapy and Antidepressant Use in 8- to 29-Year-Old Autistic Medicaid Enrollees With Depression.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2026Article
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Mental Health Service Utilization During COVID-19.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- How representative are electronic health records? A record linkage study using individual-level census data.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Article
- Primary Care Follow-Up After Mental Health and Substance Use Emergency Department Visits in Medicaid.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Health Care Utilization and Patient-Provider Racial/Ethnic Concordance Among Asian American Subgroups.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Intra-aortic Balloon Pump Utilization Prior to Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Social Determinants of Health.Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions · 2026Article
- Healthcare and Nonhealthcare Costs: Youth With Diabetes and Food Insecurity.American journal of preventive medicine · 2026Observational
- Healthcare Utilization Disparities Among Older Adults With and Without Cognitive Impairment: Health and Retirement Study Findings.Journal of cross-cultural gerontology · 2026Article
- Integrating Community Health Workers Into Clinical Settings.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026Article
- Generating Advancements in Longitudinal Analysis in X and Y Variations: Rationale, Methods, and Diagnostic Characteristics for the GALAXY Registry.American journal of medical genetics. Part A · 2026Article
- Potential unmet fertility needs among men cancer survivors: exploratory evidence from the National Survey of Family Growth.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2025Article
- Community-level social capital and postoperative outcomes following intracranial tumor surgery: an exploration of the Social Capital Atlas in neurosurgical oncology.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Disparities in Health Insurance and Delayed Care Among Hispanic Immigrants in the United States.Cureus · 2025Article
165 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine racial and ethnic disparities in health care access and utilization after the Affordable Care Act (ACA) health insurance mandate was fully implemented in 2014. RESEARCH
designUsing the 2011-2014 National Health Interview Survey, we examine changes in health care access and utilization for the nonelderly US adult population. Multivariate linear probability models are estimated to adjust for demographic and sociodemographic factors.
resultsThe implementation of the ACA (year indicator 2014) is associated with significant reductions in the probabilities of being uninsured (coef=-0.03, P<0.001), delaying any necessary care (coef=-0.03, P<0.001), forgoing any necessary care (coef=-0.02, P<0.001), and a significant increase in the probability of having any physician visits (coef=0.02, P<0.001), compared with the reference year 2011. Interaction terms between the 2014 year indicator and race/ethnicity demonstrate that uninsured rates decreased more substantially among non-Latino African Americans (African Americans) (coef=-0.04, P<0.001) and Latinos (coef=-0.03, P<0.001) compared with non-Latino whites (whites). Latinos were less likely than whites to delay (coef=-0.02, P<0.001) or forgo (coef=-0.02, P<0.001) any necessary care and were more likely to have physician visits (coef=0.03, P<0.005) in 2014. The association between year indicator of 2014 and the probability of having any emergency department visits is not significant.
conclusionsHealth care access and insurance coverage are major factors that contributed to racial and ethnic disparities before the ACA implementation. Our results demonstrate that racial and ethnic disparities in access have been reduced significantly during the initial years of the ACA implementation that expanded access and mandated that individuals obtain health insurance.
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