Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26593423›Full record

ArticleCell2015

Chromosomal Loop Domains Direct the Recombination of Antigen Receptor Genes.

Jiazhi Hu, Yu Zhang, Lijuan Zhao, Richard L Frock, Zhou Du, Robin M Meyers, Fei-long Meng, David G Schatz, Frederick W Alt

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 111 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
111citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.6field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

111 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 155 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  10. Article
  11. Orientation Regulation of Class-switch Recombination in Human B Cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Contribution of the IGCR1 regulatory element and the 3'Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

51 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Jiazhi HuHoward Hughes Medical Institute; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Yu ZhangHoward Hughes Medical Institute; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Lijuan ZhaoHoward Hughes Medical Institute; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Richard L FrockHoward Hughes Medical Institute; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Zhou DuHoward Hughes Medical Institute; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Robin M MeyersHoward Hughes Medical Institute; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Fei-long MengHoward Hughes Medical Institute; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
David G SchatzHoward Hughes Medical Institute; Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, Box 208011, New Haven, CT 06520-8011, USA.
Frederick W AltHoward Hughes Medical Institute; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: alt@enders.tch.harvard.edu.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute · USHarvard University · USBoston Children's Hospital · US

Funding

Mechanisms that Control IgH Variable Region Exon AssemblyR01AI020047 · NIAID · IMMUNE DISEASE INSTITUTE, INC. · PI ALT, FREDERICK W. · 1985 to 2025
$14.1M
MOLECULAR BASIS OF ALLERGIC AND IMMUNOLOGIC DISEASET32AI007512 · NIAID · CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL BOSTON · PI Janet Chou, Peter A Nigrovic · 1996 to 2026
$13.1M
Mechanism and Targeting of V(D)J RecombinationR01AI032524 · NIAID · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI David G. Schatz · 1992 to 2026
$6.7M
Immunoglobulin and T Cell Receptor Gene AssemblyR37AI032524 · NIAID · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI SCHATZ, DAVID G. · 2007 to 2016
$3.5M
ASSEMBLY AND EXPRESSION OF IG VARIBLE REGION GENESR37AI020047 · NIAID · IMMUNE DISEASE INSTITUTE, INC. · PI ALT, FREDERICK W · 1991 to 2000
$323k
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNIAID NIH HHS AI007512NIAID NIH HHS AI020047NIAID NIH HHS AI032524NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI020047NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI032524NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI020047NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI032524NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007512
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

RAG initiates antibody V(D)J recombination in developing lymphocytes by generating "on-target" DNA breaks at matched pairs of bona fide recombination signal sequences (RSSs). We employ bait RAG-generated breaks in endogenous or ectopically inserted RSS pairs to identify huge numbers of RAG "off-target" breaks. Such breaks occur at the simple CAC motif that defines the RSS cleavage site and are largely confined within convergent CTCF-binding element (CBE)-flanked loop domains containing bait RSS pairs. Marked orientation dependence of RAG off-target activity within loops spanning up to 2 megabases implies involvement of linear tracking. In this regard, major RAG off-targets in chromosomal translocations occur as convergent RSS pairs at enhancers within a loop. Finally, deletion of a CBE-based IgH locus element disrupts V(D)J recombination domains and, correspondingly, alters RAG on- and off-target distributions within IgH. Our findings reveal how RAG activity is developmentally focused and implicate mechanisms by which chromatin domains harness biological processes within them.

Indexed as

Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic AcidV(D)J RecombinationAnimalsCCCTC-Binding FactorChromosomes, MammalianDNA-Binding ProteinsGenes, mycGenomeHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingHomeodomain ProteinsHumansImmunoglobulin Heavy ChainsLymphomaMiceNucleotide MotifsRepressor ProteinsCCCTC-Binding FactorCTCF protein, humanCtcf protein, mouseDNA-Binding ProteinsHomeodomain ProteinsImmunoglobulin Heavy ChainsRAG-1 proteinRag2 protein, mouseRepressor Proteins

Identifiers

PMID26593423
PMCPMC4660266
OpenAlexW2125764747

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.