ArticleActa pharmacologica Sinica2015
Platycodin D induces apoptosis and triggers ERK- and JNK-mediated autophagy in human hepatocellular carcinoma BEL-7402 cells.
Article in Acta pharmacologica Sinica, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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33 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanism of action of alkaloids inOncology letters · 2026Article
- Research status and challenges of anti-tumor effects of natural saponins and their combination therapy.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2026Review
- Platycodin D sensitizes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma to cisplatin by inducing autophagy arrest.Oncology reports · 2026Article
- Research progress on the bioactivity of platycodin D from Platycodon grandifloras.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Chinese medicine monomers for hepatocellular carcinoma: New ideas related to autophagy.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Platycodon grandiflorum-derived extracellular vesicles suppress triple-negative breast cancer growth by reversing the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and modulating the gut microbiota.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Intervening Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Progression by Cell Membrane Coated Platycodin D via Regulating Hsa-miR-1246/FUT9/GSK3β Pathway.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Article
- Role and mechanism of gut microbiota in regulating interferon-mediated programmed cell death in colorectal cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Epithelial-mesenchymal dynamics in cancer: Role of signalling pathways, stromal interactions and natural therapies.ADMET & DMPK · 2025Review
- Review
- Uncover the anticancer potential of lycorine.Chinese medicine · 2024Review
- Tumor-targeted liposomes with platycodin D2 promote apoptosis in colorectal cancer.Materials today. Bio · 2023Review
- Impaired autophagy contributes to the aggravated deterioration of osteoarthritis articular cartilage by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α deficiency, associated with decreased ERK and Akt activation.European journal of medical research · 2023Article
- Platycodin D inhibits the proliferation and migration of hypertrophic scar-derived fibroblasts and promotes apoptosis through a caspase-dependent pathway.Archives of dermatological research · 2023Article
- Platycodin D inhibits the proliferation, invasion and migration of endometrial cancer cells by blocking the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway via ADRA2A upregulation.Oncology letters · 2023Article
- The pharmacology and mechanisms of platycodin D, an active triterpenoid saponin fromFrontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Article
- Platycodin D inhibits autophagy and increases glioblastoma cell death via LDLR upregulation.Molecular oncology · 2022Article
- Platycodin D sensitizesFrontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Terpenoids' anti-cancer effects: focus on autophagy.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimPlatycodin D, the main saponin isolated from Chinese herb Platycodonis Radix, exhibits anticancer activities against various cancer cell lines. Here we evaluated its anticancer action against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo, and elucidated the relationship between platycodin D-induced apoptosis and autophagy.
methodsThe viability of human hepatocellular carcinoma BEL-7402 cells was evaluated with MTT assay, and the apoptosis was examined using Annexin V/PI and Hoechst 33342 staining assays. Monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining was used to label autophagic vacuoles. The proteins were detected using Western blot analysis. For studying its anticancer action in vivo, platycodin D (5 and 10 mg· kg(-1)·d(-1)) was intraperitoneally injected to BEL-7402-bearing mice for 21 days.
resultsPlatycodin D (5-40 μmol/L) inhibited the cell proliferation in vitro with IC50 values of 37.70±3.99, 24.30±2.30 and 19.70±2.36 μmol/L at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. Platycodin D (5-20 μmol/L) dose-dependently increased BEL-7402 cell apoptosis, increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and the levels of cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3, and decreased the level of Bcl-2. Furthermore, platycodin D (5-20 μmol/L) induced autophagy in BEL-7402 cells, as evidenced by formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles, increased amounts of LC3-II, and increased numbers of MDC-positive cells. Pretreatment with the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (5 μmol/L) or BAF (50 nmol/L) significantly enhanced platycodin D-induced proliferation inhibition and apoptosis. Moreover, platycodin D (20 μmol/L) activated the ERK and JNK pathways in BEL-7402 cells, and simultaneous blockage of the two pathways effectively suppressed platycodin D-induced autophagy and enhanced platycodin D-induced apoptosis. In BEL-7402-bearing mice, platycodin D (10 mg·kg(-1)•d(-1)) significantly reduced relative tumor volume with decreased body weight.
conclusionPlatycodin D not only inhibits the proliferation of BEL-7402 cells but also suppresses BEL-7402 xenograft tumor growth. Platycodin D-induced cell proliferation inhibition and apoptosis are amplified by co-treatment with autophagy inhibitors.
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