ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2016
Tolerance of Listeria monocytogenes to Quaternary Ammonium Sanitizers Is Mediated by a Novel Efflux Pump Encoded by emrE.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 138 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent advances in examining the factors influencing the efficacy of biocides against Listeria monocytogenes biofilms in the food industry: A systematic review.Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2025Pooled it
- Dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in Klebsiella spp. from urban aquatic environments: a multi-country genomic perspective.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
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- Bacterial quorum-sensing systems in cell-cell communication.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Evolved populations ofMicrobial genomics · 2026Article
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- Large-scale phenotypic and genomic analysis ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Quantitative prediction of disinfectant tolerance in Listeria monocytogenes using whole genome sequencing and machine learning.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Comparative proteomics ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Analysis of Genetic Determinants Encoding Resistance to Heavy Metals and Disinfectants inFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- GeneAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Cross-Phosphorylation between AgrC Histidine Kinase and the Noncognate Response Regulator Lmo1172 inMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Genomic characterization ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Persistence of microbiological hazards in food and feed production and processing environments.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2024Article
- Association between the Presence of Resistance Genes and Sanitiser Resistance ofMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Adaptation mechanisms ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Survival strategies ofFood science and biotechnology · 2023Review
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A novel genomic island (LGI1) was discovered in Listeria monocytogenes isolates responsible for the deadliest listeriosis outbreak in Canada, in 2008. To investigate the functional role of LGI1, the outbreak strain 08-5578 was exposed to food chain-relevant stresses, and the expression of 16 LGI1 genes was measured. LGI1 genes with putative efflux (L. monocytogenes emrE [emrELm]), regulatory (lmo1851), and adhesion (sel1) functions were deleted, and the mutants were exposed to acid (HCl), cold (4°C), salt (10 to 20% NaCl), and quaternary ammonium-based sanitizers (QACs). Deletion of lmo1851 had no effect on the L. monocytogenes stress response, and deletion of sel1 did not influence Caco-2 and HeLa cell adherence/invasion, whereas deletion of emrE resulted in increased susceptibility to QACs (P < 0.05) but had no effect on the MICs of gentamicin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, tetracycline, acriflavine, and triclosan. In the presence of the QAC benzalkonium chloride (BAC; 5 μg/ml), 14/16 LGI1 genes were induced, and lmo1861 (putative repressor gene) was constitutively expressed at 4 °C, 37 °C, and 52 °C and in the presence of UV exposure (0 to 30 min). Following 1 h of exposure to BAC (10 μg/ml), upregulation of emrE (49.6-fold), lmo1851 (2.3-fold), lmo1861 (82.4-fold), and sigB (4.1-fold) occurred. Reserpine visibly suppressed the growth of the ΔemrELm strain, indicating that QAC tolerance is due at least partially to efflux activity. These data suggest that a minimal function of LGI1 is to increase the tolerance of L. monocytogenes to QACs via emrELm. Since QACs are commonly used in the food industry, there is a concern that L. monocytogenes strains possessing emrE will have an increased ability to survive this stress and thus to persist in food processing environments.
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