ArticleMolecular biology and evolution2016
Are Human Translated Pseudogenes Functional?
Article in Molecular biology and evolution, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Functional roles and clinical implications of pseudogenes signatures as emerging biomarkers in cancer.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Emergence and evolution of chimeric pseudogenes (φgenes) contribute to genetic and functional diversity of the human genome.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Article
- Expression and immunological role of FUNDC2 in pan-cancer.PloS one · 2025Article
- Pseudogenes in the carcinogenesis: epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition process and cancer initiating cells.Reports of practical oncology and radiotherapy : journal of Greatpoland Cancer Center in Poznan and Polish Society of Radiation Oncology · 2025Review
- Identification of old coding regions disproves the hominoid de novo status of genes.Nature ecology & evolution · 2024Article
- Loss to gain: pseudogenes in microorganisms, focusing on eubacteria, and their biological significance.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2024Review
- Challenges in Defining a Reference Set of Differentially Expressed lncRNAs in Ulcerative Colitis by Meta-Analysis.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- The Binding ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Fer-1 like family member 4 pseudogene: novel potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for cutaneous melanoma.EXCLI journal · 2024Article
- Pseudogene MAPK6P4-encoded functional peptide promotes glioblastoma vasculogenic mimicry development.Communications biology · 2023Article
- The status of the human gene catalogue.Nature · 2023Review
- The status of the human gene catalogue.ArXiv · 2023Article
- Evolution and function of developmentally dynamic pseudogenes in mammals.Genome biology · 2022Article
- Hundreds of Out-of-Frame Remodeled Gene Families in the Escherichia coli Pangenome.Molecular biology and evolution · 2022Article
- Mining Proteomics Datasets to Uncover Functional Pseudogenes.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- DNA transposons mediate duplications via transposition-independent and -dependent mechanisms in metazoans.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Next generation sequencing for HLA loci in full heritage Pima Indians of Arizona, Part II: HLA-A, -B, and -C with selected non-classical loci at 4-field resolution from whole genome sequences.Human immunology · 2021Article
- Host Genome-Wide Association Study of Infant Susceptibility toInfection and immunity · 2021Article
- Long-read cDNA sequencing identifies functional pseudogenes in the human transcriptome.Genome biology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
By definition, pseudogenes are relics of former genes that no longer possess biological functions. Operationally, they are identified based on disruptions of open reading frames (ORFs) or presumed losses of promoter activities. Intriguingly, a recent human proteomic study reported peptides encoded by 107 pseudogenes. These peptides may play currently unrecognized physiological roles. Alternatively, they may have resulted from accidental translations of pseudogene transcripts and possess no function. Comparing between human and macaque orthologs, we show that the nonsynonymous to synonymous substitution rate ratio (ω) is significantly smaller for translated pseudogenes than other pseudogenes. In particular, five of 34 translated pseudogenes amenable to evolutionary analysis have ω values significantly lower than 1, indicative of the action of purifying selection. This and other findings demonstrate that some but not all translated pseudogenes have selected functions at the protein level. Hence, neither ORF disruption nor presence of protein product disproves or proves gene functionality at the protein level.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.