ArticleJournal of endodontics2016
Characterization of the Protective Role of Regulatory T Cells in Experimental Periapical Lesion Development and Their Chemoattraction Manipulation as a Therapeutic Tool.
Article in Journal of endodontics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is there any association between the presence of biomarkers and apical periodontitis? A systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Chronic Stress Predictability Modulates the Severity of Apical Periodontitis Induced in Wistar Rats.International endodontic journal · 2026Article
- Interrelationship Between Physical Exercise and Apical Periodontitis in Trained Rats.International journal of dentistry · 2026Article
- Metabolic syndrome and its effect on immune cells in apical periodontitis- a narrative review.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Review
- Recent Advances in Apical Periodontitis Treatment: A Narrative Review.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Protective Actions in Apical Periodontitis: The Regenerative Bioactivities Led by Mesenchymal Stem Cells.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Local induction of regulatory T cells prevents inflammatory bone loss in ligature-induced experimental periodontitis in mice.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Polarization Profiles of T Lymphocytes and Macrophages Responses in Periodontitis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Review
- Immune Tolerance in the Oral Mucosa.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- VISTA Blockade Aggravates Bone Loss in Experimental Murine Apical Periodontitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Treg: A Promising Immunotherapeutic Target in Oral Diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Tuning cytokines enriches dendritic cells and regulatory T cells in the periodontium.Journal of periodontology · 2020Article
- Engineering immunomodulatory biomaterials for type 1 diabetes.Nature reviews. Materials · 2019Article
- Engineering Immune Tolerance with Biomaterials.Advanced healthcare materials · 2019Review
- Osteoimmunology of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases: Translational Applications Based on Biological Mechanisms.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- CD8Inflammation · 2018Article
- RANKL Triggers Treg-Mediated Immunoregulation in Inflammatory Osteolysis.Journal of dental research · 2018Article
- CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Evidence revealing the role of T cell regulators (Tregs) in periodontal diseases: A review.Journal of Indian Society of PeriodontologyReview
- MMP1-1607 polymorphism increases the risk for periapical lesion development through the upregulation MMP-1 expression in association with pro-inflammatory milieu elements.Journal of applied oral science : revista FOBArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThe pathogenesis of periapical lesions is determined by the balance between host proinflammatory immune response and counteracting anti-inflammatory and reparative responses, which include regulatory T cells (Tregs) as potential immunoregulatory agents. In this study, we investigated (in a cause-and-effect manner) the involvement of CCL22-CCR4 axis in Treg migration to the periapical area and the role of Tregs in the determination of outcomes in periapical lesions.
methodsPeriapical lesions were induced in C57Bl/6 (wild-type) and CCR4KO mice (pulp exposure and bacterial inoculation) and treated with anti-glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor family regulated gene to inhibit Treg function or alternatively with CCL22-releasing, polylactic-glycolic acid particles to induce site-specific migration of Tregs. After treatment, lesions were analyzed for Treg influx and phenotype, overall periapical bone loss, and inflammatory/immunologic and wound healing marker expression (analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction array).
resultsTreg inhibition by anti-glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor family regulated gene or CCR4 depletion results in a significant increase in periapical lesion severity, associated with upregulation of proinflammatory, T-helper 1, T-helper 17, and tissue destruction markers in parallel with decreased Treg and healing marker expression. The local release of CCL22 in the root canal system resulted in the promotion of Treg migration in a CCR4-dependent manner, leading to the arrest of periapical lesion progression, associated with downregulation of proinflammatory, T-helper 1, T-helper 17, and tissue destruction markers in parallel with increased Treg and healing marker expression.
conclusionsBecause the natural and CCL22-induced Treg migration switches active lesion into inactivity phenotype, Treg chemoattractant may be a promising strategy for the clinical management of periapical lesions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.