ArticlePloS one2015
Upper Airway Changes after Orthodontic Extraction Treatment in Adults: A Preliminary Study using Cone Beam Computed Tomography.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Volumetric changes in the upper airway on CBCT after dentofacial orthopedic interventions - a systematic review.Clinical oral investigations · 2023Pooled it
- Effects of bicuspid extractions and incisor retraction on upper airway of Asian adults and late adolescents: A systematic review.Journal of oral rehabilitation · 2019Pooled it
- Hyoid bone position with bone-borne or tooth-borne surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion: a retrospective cohort study.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Article
- Unmasking the hidden risks: clinical implications of 4 premolar extraction orthodontics on health and upper airway dynamics.Evidence-based dentistry · 2025Article
- Expert consensus on orthodontic treatment of protrusive facial deformities.International journal of oral science · 2025Review
- Three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography analysis of craniofacial phenotype in nonobese apneic young adults.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2025Article
- Correlation between anterior teeth retraction and pharyngeal airway dimension changes in bimaxillary protrusion cases.Journal of orthodontic science · 2025Article
- Evaluation of pharyngeal airway space after orthodontic extraction treatment in class II malocclusion integrating with the subjective sleep quality assessment.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Adaptive Changes in the Posterior Pharyngeal Wall Following Large Retraction of Incisors During Comprehensive Orthodontic Treatment.Turkish journal of orthodontics · 2022Article
- The effect of orthodontic vertical control on the changes in the upper airway size and tongue and hyoid position in adult patients with hyperdivergent skeletal class II.BMC oral health · 2022Article
- Oropharynx and hyoid bone changes in female extraction patients with distinct sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns: a retrospective study.Head & face medicine · 2022Article
- Effect of Craniofacial Morphology on Pharyngeal Airway Volume Measured Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)-A Retrospective Pilot Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Letter to the Editor.The Angle orthodontist · 2020Article
- Airway and cephalometric changes in adult orthodontic patients after premolar extractions.The Angle orthodontist · 2020Article
- Computational fluid dynamics simulation of the upper airway response to large incisor retraction in adult class I bimaxillary protrusion patients.Scientific reports · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveWhether the orthodontic treatment with premolar extraction and maximum anchorage in adults will lead to a narrowed upper airway remains under debated. The study aims to investigate the airway changes after orthodontic extraction treatment in adult patients with Class II and hyperdivergent skeletal malocclusion. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis retrospective study enrolled 18 adults with Class II and hyperdivergent skeletal malocclusion (5 males and 13 females, 24.1 ± 3.8 years of age, BMI 20.33 ± 1.77 kg/m2). And 18 untreated controls were matched 1:1 with the treated patients for age, sex, BMI, and skeletal pattern. CBCT images before and after treatment were obtained. DOLPHIN 11.7 software was used to reconstruct and measure the airway size, hyoid position, and craniofacial structures. Changes in the airway and craniofacial parameters from pre to post treatment were assessed by Wilcoxon signed rank test. Mann-Whitney U test was used in comparisons of the airway parameters between the treated patients and the untreated controls. Significant level was set at 0.05.
resultsThe upper and lower incisors retracted 7.87 mm and 6.10 mm based on the measurement of U1-VRL and L1-VRL (P < 0.01), while the positions of the upper and lower molars (U6-VRL, and L6-VRL) remained stable. Volume, height, and cross-sectional area of the airway were not significantly changed after treatment, while the sagittal dimensions of SPP-SPPW, U-MPW, PAS, and V-LPW were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the morphology of the cross sections passing through SPP-SPPW, U-MPW, PAS, and V-LPW became anteroposteriorly compressed (P <0.001). No significant differences in the airway volume, height, and cross-sectional area were found between the treated patients and untreated controls.
conclusionsThe airway changes after orthodontic treatment with premolar extraction and maximum anchorage in adults are mainly morphological changes with anteroposterior dimension compressed in airway cross sections, rather than a decrease in size.
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