ArticleBiophysical journal2015
Diffusion Regulation in the Vitreous Humor.
Article in Biophysical journal, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeted RNA Degradation by RIBOTACs: A Novel Therapeutic Avenue for Ophthalmic Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Glucose-Powered Ultrasmall Chemotactic Nanorobots for Retinal Degeneration Treatment.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Comparison of In-Vitro and In-Vivo Drug Release of Dexamethasone/PLGA Intravitreal Implants Using Two In-Vitro Release Methods and a Rabbit Model.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Recent advances and future challenges in nanosystems for ocular drug delivery.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2025Review
- Drug Delivery Technologies for the Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Proteomics approach identifies aqueous humor biomarkers in retinal diseases.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Delphinid postmortem vitreous humor biochemistry as proxy for antemortem blood analyte concentrations.Marine Mammal Science · 2025Article
- Diffusion Coefficients of Coated Plasmonic Nanoparticles in Viscous Environment.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2024Article
- Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD): Pathophysiology, Drug Targeting Approaches, and Recent Developments in Nanotherapeutics.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Doxorubicin-loaded DNA origami nanostructures: stability in vitreous and their uptake and toxicity in ocular cells.Nanoscale · 2024Article
- Cationic-motif-modified exosomes for mRNA delivery to retinal photoreceptors.Journal of materials chemistry. B · 2024Article
- Implications of Ocular Confounding Factors for Aqueous Humor Proteomic and Metabolomic Analyses in Retinal Diseases.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- Nanotechnological Research for Regenerative Medicine: The Role of Hyaluronic Acid.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Formulating Resveratrol and Melatonin Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SNEDDS) for Ocular Administration Using Design of Experiments.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Correlation of Aqueous, Vitreous, and Serum Protein Levels in Patients With Retinal Diseases.Translational vision science & technology · 2023Article
- Forward Light Scattering of First to Third Generation Vitreous Body Replacement Hydrogels after Surgical Application Compared to Conventional Silicone Oils and Vitreous Body.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Active Transport and Ocular Distribution of Intravitreally Injected Liposomes.Translational vision science & technology · 2023Article
- Delivery Systems in Ocular Retinopathies: The Promising Future of Intravitreal Hydrogels as Sustained-Release Scaffolds.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Intraocular nano-microscale drug delivery systems for glaucoma treatment: design strategies and recent progress.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2023Review
- Ex Vivo Visualization of Distribution of Intravitreal Injections in the Porcine Vitreous and Hydrogels Simulating the Vitreous.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The efficient treatment of many ocular diseases depends on the rapid diffusive distribution of solutes such as drugs or drug delivery vehicles through the vitreous humor. However, this multicomponent hydrogel possesses selective permeability properties, which allow for the diffusion of certain molecules and particles, whereas others are immobilized. In this study, we perform an interspecies comparison showing that the selective permeability properties of the vitreous are conserved across several mammalian species. We identify the polyanionic glycosaminoglycans hyaluronic acid and heparan sulfate as two key macromolecules that establish this selective permeability. We show that electrostatic interactions between the polyanionic macromolecules and diffusing solutes can be weakened by charge screening or enzymatic glycosaminoglycan digestion. Furthermore, molecule penetration into the vitreous is also charge-dependent and only efficient as long as the net charge of the molecule does not exceed a certain threshold.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.