Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26585233›Full record

ArticleNeoplasia (New York, N.Y.)2015

RNA Sequencing of Tumor-Associated Microglia Reveals Ccl5 as a Stromal Chemokine Critical for Neurofibromatosis-1 Glioma Growth.

Anne C Solga, Winnie W Pong, Keun-Young Kim, Patrick J Cimino, Joseph A Toonen, Jason Walker, Todd Wylie, Vincent Magrini, Malachi Griffith, Obi L Griffith and 4 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
78citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
5.4field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

78 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Article
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  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Dysregulated Microglial Synaptic Engulfment in Diffuse Midline Glioma.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Microenvironmental Drivers of Glioma Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Anne C SolgaDepartment of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
Winnie W PongDepartment of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
Keun-Young KimNational Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, CA.
Patrick J CiminoDepartment of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
Joseph A ToonenDepartment of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
Jason WalkerThe Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
Todd WylieThe Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
Vincent MagriniThe Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
Malachi GriffithThe Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
Obi L GriffithThe Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
Amy LyThe Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
Mark H EllismanNational Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, CA.
Elaine R MardisThe Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
David H GutmannDepartment of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. Electronic address: gutmannd@neuro.wustl.edu.
Washington University in St. Louis · USUniversity of California, San Diego · US

Funding

Washington University Center for Cellular ImagingP30CA091842 · NCI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI TIMOTHY J. EBERLEIN · 2001 to 2026
$128.0M
IVEM and Image Analysis ResourceP41GM103412 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ELLISMAN, MARK H · 2012 to 2019
$17.9M
Research Training Program in the Vision SciencesT32EY013360 · NEI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI SHIMING CHEN, Daniel Kerschensteiner · 2000 to 2026
$5.6M
Targeting Stoma-Tumor Co-Dependency for Glioma TherapyU01CA141549 · NCI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI GUTMANN, DAVID H · 2009 to 2013
$4.8M
NERVOUS SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT AND INJURYT32NS007205 · NINDS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI HOLTZMAN, DAVID M. · 1985 to 2017
$4.2M
Integrative Approaches to Stroma-Directed Glioma TherapyRC4NS072916 · NINDS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI GUTMANN, DAVID H · 2010 to 2010
$3.3M
Non-neoplastic cell types dictate gliomagenesis andU01CA160882 · NCI · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI HAMBARDZUMYAN, DOLORES, HOLLAND, ERIC C. · 2012 to 2016
$2.8M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA091842NCI NIH HHS P30 CA91842NCI NIH HHS U01 CA141549NCI NIH HHS U01-CA141549NCI NIH HHS U01 CA160882NCI NIH HHS U01-CA160882NEI NIH HHS 5-T32-EY13360NEI NIH HHS T32 EY013360NIGMS NIH HHS P41 GM103412NINDS NIH HHS 5-T32-NS007205-33NINDS NIH HHS RC4 NS072916NINDS NIH HHS T32 NS007205
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Solid cancers develop within a supportive microenvironment that promotes tumor formation and growth through the elaboration of mitogens and chemokines. Within these tumors, monocytes (macrophages and microglia) represent rich sources of these stromal factors. Leveraging a genetically engineered mouse model of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) low-grade brain tumor (optic glioma), we have previously demonstrated that microglia are essential for glioma formation and maintenance. To identify potential tumor-associated microglial factors that support glioma growth (gliomagens), we initiated a comprehensive large-scale discovery effort using optimized RNA-sequencing methods focused specifically on glioma-associated microglia. Candidate microglial gliomagens were prioritized to identify potential secreted or membrane-bound proteins, which were next validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction as well as by RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization following minocycline-mediated microglial inactivation in vivo. Using these selection criteria, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (Ccl5) was identified as a chemokine highly expressed in genetically engineered Nf1 mouse optic gliomas relative to nonneoplastic optic nerves. As a candidate gliomagen, recombinant Ccl5 increased Nf1-deficient optic nerve astrocyte growth in vitro. Importantly, consistent with its critical role in maintaining tumor growth, treatment with Ccl5 neutralizing antibodies reduced Nf1 mouse optic glioma growth and improved retinal dysfunction in vivo. Collectively, these findings establish Ccl5 as an important microglial growth factor for low-grade glioma maintenance relevant to the development of future stroma-targeted brain tumor therapies.

Indexed as

AdolescentAnimalsAstrocytesBlotting, WesternBrain NeoplasmsChemokine CCL5ChildChild, PreschoolEmbryo, MammalianFemaleFlow CytometryFluorescent Antibody TechniqueHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingHumansImmunoenzyme TechniquesInfantCCL5 protein, humanChemokine CCL5RNA, Messenger

Identifiers

PMID26585233
PMCPMC4656811
OpenAlexW2174856529

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.