ArticleAmerican journal of preventive medicine2016
Impact of New Transport Infrastructure on Walking, Cycling, and Physical Activity.
Article in American journal of preventive medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects of active travel interventions in the UK on disadvantaged population groups and their potential to reduce health inequalities: systematic review.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2026Pooled it
- Walkability and urban built environments-a systematic review of health impact assessments (HIA).BMC public health · 2023Pooled it
- Impacts of new cycle infrastructure on cycling levels in two French cities: an interrupted time series analysis.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2022Pooled it
- Built environment interventions and physical activity levels: A systematic review.Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud · 2022Pooled it
- A systematic review of empirical and simulation studies evaluating the health impact of transportation interventions.Environmental research · 2020Pooled it
- A systematic review of the effect of infrastructural interventions to promote cycling: strengthening causal inference from observational data.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2019Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Policies and Programs to Combat Adult Obesity: a Systematic Review.Journal of general internal medicine · 2018Pooled it
- What works to promote walking at the population level? A systematic review.British journal of sports medicine · 2018Pooled it
- Active Transport Health Model: Valuing the Health Benefits of Active Transport.Applied health economics and health policy · 2026Article
- Effects of bicycle infrastructure interventions on physical activity in the general population: rapid review.BMC public health · 2026Review
- Understanding physical activity participation among underserved women: a mixed-methods cross sectional study using an ecological framework.BMC public health · 2025Article
- An Innovative Assessment Framework for Remote Care in Orthopedics.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Economic Implications of Off-Road Cycle Lanes to Increase Physical Activity and Reduce Sex and Gender Differences in the Risk of Dementia.International journal of geriatric psychiatry · 2025Article
- Mobility Infrastructures and Health: Scoping Review of studies in Europe.Public health reviews · 2024Article
- Generation Pep - study protocol for an intersectoral community-wide physical activity and healthy eating habits initiative for children and young people in Sweden.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Urban public space initiatives and health in Africa: A mixed-methods systematic review.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Comprehensive evaluation of global health cities development levels.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- More People, More Active, More Often for Heart Health - Taking Action on Physical Activity.Global heart · 2024Review
- Trading-Off Transit and Non-Transit Physical Activity among Older People: Evidence from Longitudinal Accelerometer Data of a Natural Experiment Study.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2023Article
- A Systematic Review Protocol of Opportunities for Noncommunicable Disease Prevention via Public Space Initiatives in African Cities.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionWalking and cycling bring health and environmental benefits, but there is little robust evidence that changing the built environment promotes these activities in populations. This study evaluated the effects of new transport infrastructure on active commuting and physical activity. STUDY
designQuasi-experimental analysis nested within a cohort study. SETTING/
participantsFour hundred and sixty-nine adult commuters, recruited through a predominantly workplace-based strategy, who lived within 30 kilometers of Cambridge, United Kingdom and worked in areas of the city to be served by the new transport infrastructure.
interventionThe Cambridgeshire Guided Busway opened in 2011 and comprised a new bus network and a traffic-free walking and cycling route. Exposure to the intervention was defined using the shortest distance from each participant's home to the busway.
main outcome measuresChange in weekly time spent in active commuting between 2009 and 2012, measured by validated 7-day recall instrument. Secondary outcomes were changes in total weekly time spent walking and cycling and in recreational and overall physical activity, measured using the validated Recent Physical Activity Questionnaire. Data were analyzed in 2014.
resultsIn multivariable multinomial regression models--adjusted for potential sociodemographic, geographic, health, and workplace confounders; baseline active commuting; and home or work relocation-exposure to the busway was associated with a significantly greater likelihood of an increase in weekly cycle commuting time (relative risk ratio=1.34, 95% CI=1.03, 1.76) and with an increase in overall time spent in active commuting among the least active commuters at baseline (relative risk ratio=1.76, 95% CI=1.16, 2.67). The study found no evidence of changes in recreational or overall physical activity.
conclusionsProviding new sustainable transport infrastructure was effective in promoting an increase in active commuting. These findings provide new evidence to support reconfiguring transport systems as part of public health improvement strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.