ArticleBMC public health2015
The association between alcohol use and depressive symptoms across socioeconomic status among 40- and 45-year-old Norwegian adults.
Article in BMC public health, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Drinking patterns and antidepressant medication - a prospective register-linked study among 40 to 60-year-old employees.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Article
- Sex differences in the genetic and causal relationships between depression, smoking, and alcohol use: the role of socioeconomic status.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Psychosocial factors associated with alcohol use in lower socioeconomic position populations: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic disparities in alcohol-related depression: a national cohort study of low-income medical aid beneficiaries and national health insurance beneficiaries in Korea.BMC public health · 2024Article
- The association between theArhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju · 2023Article
- Differences in the influence of daily behavior on health among older adults in urban and rural areas: evidence from China.Frontiers in public health · 2023Review
- Socioeconomic status, alcohol use disorders, and depression: A population-based study.Journal of affective disorders · 2022Article
- Factors associated with the level of prolactin in patients under remission from Alcohol Use Disorder: A gender perspective.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2021Article
- Antisocial Personality Disorder Among Patients in Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD): Characteristics and Predictors of Early Relapse or Drop-Out.Substance abuse and rehabilitation · 2021Article
- Socio-economic inequalities in the association between alcohol use disorder and depressive disorder among Thai adults: a population-based study.BMC psychiatry · 2020Article
- Prevalence of anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder among Ebola survivors in northern Sierra Leone: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Associations of education and income with heavy drinking and problem drinking among men: evidence from a population-based study in Japan.BMC public health · 2019Article
- Dietary patterns are associated with depressive symptoms among Chinese adults: a case-control study with propensity score matching.European journal of nutrition · 2017Article
- Alcohol Drinking in Chinese Methadone-maintained Clients: A Self-medication for Depression and Anxiety?Journal of addiction medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
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Abstract
backgroundLittle population-based data among middle-aged adults exists examining the relationships between depressive symptoms, alcohol use, and socio-economic status (SES). This study aimed to describe the relationships between depressive symptoms and alcohol use at different levels of SES and to determine differences across SES levels among a population-based sample of 40 and 45 year old adults in Norway.
methodsThis analysis was based on data from two Norwegian health studies conducted in 2000 and 2001, and included community-dwelling Norwegian men and women aged 40 and 45 years. Self-reported frequency and quantity of alcoholic drinks was used to calculate past-year typical quantity of drinks consumed and frequency of 5+ drinks per occasion, or heavy episodic drinking (HED). Depressive symptoms were assessed with the 10-item Hopkins Symptom Checklist, and SES was measured as education level and employment status. To observe the association between depressive symptoms and alcohol use at each level of SES we fitted multinomial logistic regression models using each alcohol outcome as a dependent variable stratified by level of education and employment. To observe differences across levels of SES, we examined the interaction between depressive symptoms and SES level in multinomial logistic regression models for each alcohol measures.
resultsHaving depressive symptoms was significantly associated with an increased risk of 5+ typical drinks among people in the lowest (RRR = 1.60, p ≤ 0.05) education level, and not among people in the highest. Conversely, significant associations were observed among all levels of employment. For frequency of HED, depressive symptoms was not significantly associated with frequency of HED at any education level. Depressive symptoms was associated with 13+ past year HED episodes among people with no employment (RRR = 1.97, p ≤ 0.05), and part-time employment (RRR = 2.33, p ≤ 0.01), and no association was observed among people with full-time employment. A significant interaction was observed for depressive symptoms and employment for risk of 13+ past-year HED episodes.
conclusionsThe results show a variety of associations between depressive symptoms and alcohol use among people with lower SES, and suggest type of alcohol use and SES measure may influence the observation of an association between depressive symptoms and alcohol use at different SES levels.
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