ArticleBMC cardiovascular disorders2015
Prevalence and risk factors of premature coronary artery disease in patients undergoing coronary angiography in Kurdistan, Iraq.
Article in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Premature coronary artery disease in women: sex-specific risk factors, pathogenetic mechanisms and clinical implications.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Association Between Triglyceride/High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio and Premature Coronary Artery Disease in Young Saudi Population: A Case-Control Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Insights into cardiovascular health: Knowledge, attitudes, and practices in the Kurdistan region of Iraq.Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Prevalence and prognosis of genetically proven familial hypercholesterolemia in subjects with angiographically documented premature coronary artery disease.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Role of homocysteine, vitamins B12, B6, B1, and folate in Saudi patients with premature acute coronary syndrome.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Exploring the predictive values of ABSI and BRI in premature coronary artery disease based on a real world study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A Message to Health Care Providers: "A" Blood Group Is Associated with Higher Heart Disease Risk in Young Saudi Men.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Dietary Phytochemical Index Is Inversely Associated With the Odds of Premature Coronary Artery Disease (PCAD) in Iranian Adults: Iran Premature Coronary Artery Disease (IPAD) Study.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and risk of premature coronary artery disease in a multi-ethnic Iranian case-control study.Nutrition & metabolism · 2025Article
- Investigating ethnic differences in risk factors and severity of developing premature coronary artery disease: Predicting the effect of risk factors through decision tree analysis in a multicenter case-control study; Results from Iran Premature Coronary Artery Disease (IPAD study).Journal of cardiovascular and thoracic research · 2025Article
- Laboratory-derived inflammatory ratios as a novel diagnostic model for premature coronary artery disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Age at menarche and risk of premature coronary artery disease: results from Iran premature coronary disease (IPAD) study.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2025Article
- Adherence to EAT-Lancet reference diet and risk of premature coronary artery diseases: a multi-center case-control study.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Is the prevalence of risk factors, clinical presentations and severity of coronary artery diseases (CAD) in patients with very early and premature CAD are different from mature CAD patients?: A registry- based cross-sectional study.Global epidemiology · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Identifying risk factors and mortality rate of premature coronary artery disease in young Saudi population.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The relationship between nut consumption and premature coronary artery disease in a representative sample of Iranians: Iran-premature coronary artery disease (IPAD) study.Public health nutrition · 2023Article
- Rates of the Trans-radial Approach in Elective and Emergency Coronary Angiography in Iraq: A Cross-Sectional Study.Cureus · 2023Article
- High prevalence of lack of knowledge and unhealthy lifestyle practices regarding premature coronary artery disease and its risk factors among the Saudi population.BMC public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPremature coronary artery disease (PCAD) seems to increase, particularly in developing countries. Given the lack of such studies in the country, this study examines the prevalence, associated cardiovascular risk factors, and coronary angiographic profile of the disease in Iraq.
methodsData was collected from a total of 445 adult patients undergoing coronary angiography at Duhok Heart Center, Kurdistan in a period between March and September 2014. Patients were divided into PCAD (male <45 years and female < 55 years) and mature coronary artery disease (MCAD).
resultsThe prevalence of the angiographically documented PCAD was 31 %. The PCAD had higher rates of hyperlipidemia (p = 0.04), positive family history of coronary artery disease (p = 0.002), type A lesions (p = 0.02), single vessel disease (p = 0.01) and medical treatment (p = 0.01) than the MCAD. Logistic regression model indicated that male sex (OR 3.38, C.I 1.96-7.22), smoking (OR 2.08, C.I 1.05-4.12), hypertension (OR 1.58, C.I 1.25-2.03), hyperlipidemia (OR 1.89, C.I 1.17-2.42) and positive family history of coronary artery disease (OR 2.62, C.I 1.38-9.54) were associated with the PCAD. Sensitivity analysis showed highest specificity (94.2 %) and positive predictive value (96.5 %) in patients with coronary stenosis >70 % compared to lesser obstruction.
conclusionsPremature coronary artery disease is alarming in the country. Cardiovascular risk factors are clustered among them. But the angiographic profile and therapeutic options of PCAD are close to those reported from previous studies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.