Trial reportAddiction (Abingdon, England)2016
Comparative effectiveness of intervention components for producing long-term abstinence from smoking: a factorial screening experiment.
Trial report in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01814072 (Opt-IN), which is not on this map. Cited by 57 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Opt-IN: Optimization of Remotely Delivered Intensive Lifestyle Treatment for Obesity
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Korean Clinical Practice Guideline of Korean Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco (KSRNT) and National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency (NECA) on Treatment of Tobacco Use 2024.Journal of Korean medical science · 2025Guideline
- Different doses, durations and modes of delivery of nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Relapse prevention interventions for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Interventions to increase adherence to medications for tobacco dependence.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Additional behavioural support as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Telephone counselling for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Different doses, durations and modes of delivery of nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Nicotine replacement therapy versus control for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- A pilot trial of 'HypoPals': Assessing trial procedures feasibility and intervention acceptability for a prospective digital hypoglycemia behavioral intervention study.Contemporary clinical trials · 2026Trial
- Economic Evaluation of Enhanced vs Standard Varenicline Treatment for Tobacco Cessation.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- Multiple Pharmacotherapy Adaptations for Smoking Cessation Based on Treatment Response in Black Adults Who Smoke: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2023Trial
- Successful Optimization of Tobacco Dependence Treatment in the Emergency Department: A Randomized Controlled Trial Using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy.Annals of emergency medicine · 2023Trial
- Components of smartphone cognitive-behavioural therapy for subthreshold depression among 1093 university students: a factorial trial.Evidence-based mental health · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Time-varying effects of 'optimized smoking treatment' on craving, negative affect and anhedonia.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2021Trial
- Electronically Monitored Nicotine Gum Use Before and After Smoking Lapses: Relationship With Lapse and Relapse.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Trial
- Predictors of adherence to nicotine replacement therapy: Machine learning evidence that perceived need predicts medication use.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Trial
- A Randomized Controlled Trial of an Optimized Smoking Treatment Delivered in Primary Care.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2018Trial
- Can we increase smokers' adherence to nicotine replacement therapy and does this help them quit?Psychopharmacology · 2018Trial
- Ultra-Brief Mindfulness Training Reduces Alcohol Consumption in At-Risk Drinkers: A Randomized Double-Blind Active-Controlled Experiment.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2017Trial
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsTo identify promising intervention components that help smokers attain and maintain abstinence during a quit attempt.
designA 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 randomized factorial experiment.
settingEleven primary care clinics in Wisconsin, USA.
participantsA total of 544 smokers (59% women, 86% white) recruited during primary care visits and motivated to quit.
interventionsFive intervention components designed to help smokers attain and maintain abstinence: (1) extended medication (26 versus 8 weeks of nicotine patch + nicotine gum); (2) maintenance (phone) counseling versus none; (3) medication adherence counseling versus none; (4) automated (medication) adherence calls versus none; and (5) electronic medication monitoring with feedback and counseling versus electronic medication monitoring alone. MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome was 7-day self-reported point-prevalence abstinence 1 year after the target quit day.
findingsOnly extended medication produced a main effect. Twenty-six versus 8 weeks of medication improved point-prevalence abstinence rates (43 versus 34% at 6 months; 34 versus 27% at 1 year; P = 0.01 for both). There were four interaction effects at 1 year, showing that an intervention component's effectiveness depended upon the components with which it was combined.
conclusionsTwenty-six weeks of nicotine patch + nicotine gum (versus 8 weeks) and maintenance counseling provided by phone are promising intervention components for the cessation and maintenance phases of smoking treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.