Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26580214›Full record

Observational studyEpilepsy & behavior : E&B2015

Risk factors for reading disability in families with rolandic epilepsy.

Yaiza Hernández Vega, Anna Smith, Hannah Cockerill, Shan Tang, Zaloa Agirre-Arrizubieta, Sushma Goyal, Marisa Pina, Cigdem I Akman, Nicola Jolleff, Colm McGinnity and 16 more

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Epilepsy & behavior : E&B, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Not All Spikes Are Equal.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

26 authors at 14 institutions in 3 countries.

Yaiza Hernández VegaKing's College London, UK.
Anna SmithKing's College London, UK.
Hannah CockerillKing's College London, UK.
Shan TangKing's College London, UK; King's Health Partners, London, UK.
Zaloa Agirre-ArrizubietaEast Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust, Canterbury, UK.
Sushma GoyalKing's Health Partners, London, UK.
Marisa PinaKing's Health Partners, London, UK.
Cigdem I AkmanNeurological Institute, Columbia University, NY, USA.
Nicola JolleffEast Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust, Canterbury, UK.
Colm McGinnityKing's College London, UK.
Kumudini GomezLewisham Hospital, UK.
Rajesh GuptaTunbridge Wells Hospital, UK.
Elaine HughesKing's Health Partners, London, UK.
John JackmanKing's Health Partners, London, UK.
David McCormickKing's Health Partners, London, UK.
Caroline OrenNorthwick Park Hospital, UK.
David ScottConquest Hospital, UK.
Jacqueline TaylorBarnet and Chase Farm Hospitals, UK.
John TrounceBrighton and Sussex University Hospitals, UK.
Tara ClarkeDepartment of Epidemiology, Columbia University, NY, USA.
Steven KuglerChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, PA, USA.
David E MandelbaumHasbro Children's Hospital and the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Patricia McGoldrickBeth Israel Medical Center, NY, USA.
Steven WolfBeth Israel Medical Center, NY, USA.
Lisa J StrugProgram in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada.
Deb K PalKing's College London, UK; King's Health Partners, London, UK. Electronic address: deb.pal@kcl.ac.uk.
Kings Health Partners · GBKing's College London · GBColumbia University · USEast Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust · GBMount Sinai Beth Israel · USBrown University · USChase Farm Hospital · GBConquest Hospital · GBNorthwick Park Hospital · GBPublic Health Ontario · CATunbridge Wells Hospital · GBUniversity Hospital Lewisham · GBUniversity Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust · GBUniversity of Pennsylvania · US

Funding

Genetics of Rolandic EpilepsyR01NS047530 · NINDS · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI GREENBERG, DAVID A. · 2005 to 2008
$2.1M
NINDS NIH HHS NS047530NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS047530
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe high prevalence and impact of neurodevelopmental comorbidities in childhood epilepsy are now well known, as are the increased risks and familial aggregation of reading disability (RD) and speech sound disorder (SSD) in rolandic epilepsy (RE). The risk factors for RD in the general population include male sex, SSD, and ADHD, but it is not known if these are the same in RE or whether there is a contributory role of seizure and treatment-related variables.

methodsAn observational study of 108 probands with RE (age range: 3.6-22 years) and their 159 siblings (age range: 1-29 years; 83 with EEG data) were singly ascertained in the US or UK through a proband affected by RE. We used a nested case-control design, multiple logistic regression, and generalized estimating equations to test the hypothesis of an association between RD and seizure variables or antiepileptic drug treatment in RE; we also assessed an association between EEG focal sharp waves and RD in siblings.

resultsReading disability was reported in 42% of probands and 22% of siblings. Among probands, RD was strongly associated with a history of SSD (OR: 9.64, 95% CI: 2.45-37.21), ADHD symptoms (OR: 10.31, 95% CI: 2.15-49.44), and male sex (OR: 3.62, 95% CI: 1.11-11.75) but not with seizure or treatment variables. Among siblings, RD was independently associated only with SSD (OR: 4.30, 95% CI: 1.42-13.0) and not with the presence of interictal EEG focal sharp waves. SIGNIFICANCE: The principal risk factors for RD in RE are SSD, ADHD, and male sex, the same risk factors as for RD without epilepsy. Seizure or treatment variables do not appear to be important risk factors for RD in probands with RE, and there was no evidence to support interictal EEG focal sharp waves as a risk factor for RD in siblings. Future studies should focus on the precise neuropsychological characterization of RD in families with RE and on the effectiveness of standard oral-language and reading interventions.

Indexed as

ReadingSiblingsAdolescentAdultCase-Control StudiesChildChild, PreschoolDyslexiaElectroencephalographyEpilepsy, RolandicFamilyFemaleHumansInfantMaleProspective StudiesComorbidityEpilepsyEtiologyNeurodevelopmentReading

Identifiers

PMID26580214
PMCPMC4719157
OpenAlexW2176634877

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.