Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26579112›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2015

A rapid real-time quantitative PCR assay to determine the minimal inhibitory extracellular concentration of antibiotics against an intracellular Francisella tularensis Live Vaccine Strain.

Ronit Aloni-Grinstein, Ohad Shifman, Shlomi Lazar, Ida Steinberger-Levy, Sharon Maoz, Raphael Ber

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 33% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Genetic Determinants of Antibiotic Resistance inFrontiers in microbiology · 2021
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2017
    Review
  10. Isolation ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2017
    Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ronit Aloni-GrinsteinDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research Ness Ziona, Israel.
Ohad ShifmanDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research Ness Ziona, Israel.
Shlomi LazarDepartment of Pharmacology, Israel Institute for Biological Research Ness Ziona, Israel.
Ida Steinberger-LevyDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research Ness Ziona, Israel.
Sharon MaozDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research Ness Ziona, Israel.
Raphael BerDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research Ness Ziona, Israel.
Israel Institute for Biological Research · IL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Francisella tularensis is a highly virulent facultative intracellular bacterium. The lack of a safe and efficient vaccine makes antibiotics the preferred treatment. F. tularensis antibiotic susceptibility tests are based on the in vitro standard CLSI-approved microdilution method for determining the MIC. However, limited data are available regarding the minimal inhibitory extracellular concentration (MIEC) needed to eradicate intracellular bacteria. Here, we evaluated the MIEC values of various WHO-recommended antibiotics and compared the MIEC values to the established MICs. We describe a rapid 3-h quantitative PCR (qPCR) intracellular antibiogram assay, which yields comparable MIEC values to those obtained by the classical 72-h cfu assay. This rapid qPCR assay is highly advantageous in light of the slow growth rates of F. tularensis. Our results showed that the MIECs obtained for doxycycline, chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin were indicative of intracellular activity. Gentamicin was not effective against intracellular bacteria for at least 32 h post treatment, raising the question of whether slow-penetrating gentamicin should be used for certain stages of the disease. We suggest that the qPCR intracellular antibiogram assay may be used to screen for potentially active antibiotics against intracellular F. tularensis as well as to detect strains with acquired resistance to recommended antibiotics.

Indexed as

antibiogramantibiotic susceptibilityFrancisella tularensisintracellular infectionMICMIECqPCRtularemia

Identifiers

PMID26579112
PMCPMC4630301
OpenAlexW2209051464

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.