Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26578801›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015

Three-dimensional organization of nascent rod outer segment disk membranes.

Stefanie Volland, Louise C Hughes, Christina Kong, Barry L Burgess, Kenneth A Linberg, Gabriel Luna, Z Hong Zhou, Steven K Fisher, David S Williams

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
64citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

64 citing papers in PubMed.

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  20. The WAVE complex drives the morphogenesis of the photoreceptor outer segment cilium.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article

4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Stefanie VollandDepartment of Ophthalmology and Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095;
Louise C HughesDepartment of Ophthalmology and Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095; Electron Imaging Center for Nanoscience, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095;
Christina KongDepartment of Ophthalmology and Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095;
Barry L BurgessDepartment of Ophthalmology and Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095;
Kenneth A LinbergNeuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106;
Gabriel LunaNeuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106;
Z Hong ZhouDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095; Electron Imaging Center for Nanoscience, California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095;
Steven K FisherNeuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106; Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106;
David S WilliamsDepartment of Ophthalmology and Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095; Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095; Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 dswilliams@ucla.edu.

Funding

Vision Research Core at UCLAP30EY000331 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Gregory Darin Field, DAVID S WILLIAMS · 1985 to 2026
$16.8M
High-Resolution CryoEM Reconstruction of Large ComplexesR01GM071940 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI ZHOU, Z HONG · 2006 to 2025
$5.0M
The Photoreceptor CiliumR01EY013408 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO · PI WILLIAMS, DAVID S · 2001 to 2017
$3.8M
HIGH-END CRYOEM INSTRUMENT FOR UCLA ELECTRON IMAGING CTR FOR NANOMACHINES: AIDSS10RR023057 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI ZHOU, Z HONG · 2006 to 2006
$1.6M
Photoreceptor disk membrane morphogenesisR01EY024667 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA BARBARA · PI FISHER, STEVEN K, WILLIAMS, DAVID S · 2015 to 2018
$1.5M
NCRR NIH HHS S10 RR023057NCRR NIH HHS S10RR23057NEI NIH HHS EY000331NEI NIH HHS EY013408NEI NIH HHS EY024667NEI NIH HHS P30 EY000331NEI NIH HHS R01 EY013408NEI NIH HHS R01 EY024667NIGMS NIH HHS GM071940NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM071940
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The vertebrate photoreceptor cell contains an elaborate cilium that includes a stack of phototransductive membrane disks. The disk membranes are continually renewed, but how new disks are formed remains poorly understood. Here we used electron microscope tomography to obtain 3D visualization of the nascent disks of rod photoreceptors in three mammalian species, to gain insight into the process of disk morphogenesis. We observed that nascent disks are invariably continuous with the ciliary plasma membrane, although, owing to partial enclosure, they can appear to be internal in 2D profiles. Tomographic analyses of the basal-most region of the outer segment show changes in shape of the ciliary plasma membrane indicating an invagination, which is likely a first step in disk formation. The invagination flattens to create the proximal surface of an evaginating lamella, as well as membrane protrusions that extend between adjacent lamellae, thereby initiating a disk rim. Immediately distal to this initiation site, lamellae of increasing diameter are evident, indicating growth outward from the cilium. In agreement with a previous model, our data indicate that mature disks are formed once lamellae reach full diameter, and the growth of a rim encloses the space between adjacent surfaces of two lamellae. This study provides 3D data of nascent and mature rod photoreceptor disk membranes at unprecedented z-axis depth and resolution, and provides a basis for addressing fundamental questions, ranging from protein sorting in the photoreceptor cilium to photoreceptor electrophysiology.

Indexed as

AnimalsCatsCiliaIntracellular MembranesMacaca mulattaMiceRetinal Rod Photoreceptor Cellsciliumdisk morphogenesisEM tomographyphotoreceptor

Identifiers

PMID26578801
PMCPMC4672767

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.