ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015
Fourteen babies born after round spermatid injection into human oocytes.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT04298255 (Experimental Round Spermatid Injection), which is not on this map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Experimental Round Spermatid Injection (ROSI) to Treat Infertile Couples
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- Round spermatid injection into human oocytes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Asian journal of andrologyPooled it
- Fertilization with Protamine-2 deficient sperm triggers abnormal pronucleus development and zygotic cleavage†.Biology of reproduction · 2026Article
- Round Spermatid Injection (ROSI) as a Last Resort in High-Risk Azoospermia: Chain of Outcome Metrics and Real-World Safety Signals.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Intracytoplasmic spermatid injection in non-obstructive azoospermia: a review of current evidence and future directions.Asian journal of andrology · 2026Review
- Development and validation of a deep learning model based on cascade mask regional convolutional neural network to noninvasively and accurately identify human round spermatids.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- The effects ofHeliyon · 2025Article
- Sperm-borne small non-coding RNAs: potential functions and mechanisms as epigenetic carriers.Cell & bioscience · 2025Review
- Development of a procedure for isolation, identification and quality assessment of bovine spermatids and evaluation of their fertilizing abilityFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Spermatocyte injection into meiotic oocytes rescues diplotene, but not pachytene, arrest in azoospermic mutant mice.Human reproduction open · 2025Article
- Extending the culture of cleavage-stage embryos to the blastocyst stage after warming increases the chance of live birth: does it have a regenerative effect?Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2023Article
- Strategies in Infertile Azoospermic Patients with Negative Microdissection Testicular Sperm Extraction Surgery.Urology research & practice · 2023Article
- Co-Culture of Cryopreserved Healthy Sertoli Cells with Testicular Tissue of Non-Obstructive Azoospermia (NOA) Patients in Culture Media Containing Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)/Testosterone Has No Advantage in Germ Cell Maturation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Biallelic mutations in RNA-binding protein ADAD2 cause spermiogenic failure and non-obstructive azoospermia in humans.Human reproduction open · 2023Article
- Paternally inherited H3K27me3 affects chromatin accessibility in mouse embryos produced by round spermatid injection.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2022Article
- Single-cell multiomics sequencing reveals the reprogramming defects in embryos generated by round spermatid injection.Science advances · 2022Article
- Mysteries and unsolved problems of mammalian fertilization and related topics.Biology of reproduction · 2022Review
- Using publicly available transcriptomic data to identify mechanistic and diagnostic biomarkers in azoospermia and overall male infertility.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Fertility preservation in boys facing gonadotoxic cancer therapy.Nature reviews. Urology · 2022Review
- Spermatogonial Stem Cell-Based Therapies: Taking Preclinical Research to the Next Level.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Blastocyst development after fertilization with in vitro spermatids derived from nonhuman primate embryonic stem cells.F&S science · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
During the human in vitro fertilization procedure in the assisted reproductive technology, intracytoplasmic sperm injection is routinely used to inject a spermatozoon or a less mature elongating spermatid into the oocyte. In some infertile men, round spermatids (haploid male germ cells that have completed meiosis) are the most mature cells visible during testicular biopsy. The microsurgical injection of a round spermatid into an oocyte as a substitute is commonly referred to as round spermatid injection (ROSI). Currently, human ROSI is considered a very inefficient procedure and of no clinical value. Herein, we report the birth and development of 14 children born to 12 women following ROSI of 734 oocytes previously activated by an electric current. The round spermatids came from men who had been diagnosed as not having spermatozoa or elongated spermatids by andrologists at other hospitals after a first Micro-TESE. A key to our success was our ability to identify round spermatids accurately before oocyte injection. As of today, all children born after ROSI in our clinic are without any unusual physical, mental, or epigenetic problems. Thus, for men whose germ cells are unable to develop beyond the round spermatid stage, ROSI can, as a last resort, enable them to have their own genetic offspring.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.