ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2015
Polyfunctional Specific Response to Echinococcus Granulosus Associates to the Biological Activity of the Cysts.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnostic Accuracy of Antigen ELISA and Western Blot IgG for Neurocysticercosis in People Living with HIV/AIDS in Tanzania.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- Stage-Specific Immune Responses to AgB T-Peptides in Patients with Cystic Echinococcosis.Infectious disease reports · 2025Article
- miR-378a-5p targeting BRAF regulates CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the Local and Peripheral Immune Responses in Patients with Cystic Echinococcosis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Modulatory Effects of Hydatid Cyst Fluid on a Mouse Model of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.Veterinary sciences · 2024Article
- Hydatid fluid fromFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Optimizing sheep B-cell epitopes inFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Antigen discovery by bioinformatics analysis and peptide microarray for the diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- HIV and Mediterranean Zoonoses: A Review of the Literature.Infectious disease reports · 2022Review
- Clinical characteristics and antibodies against Echinococcus granulosus recombinant antigen P29 in patients with cystic echinococcosis in China.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Accuracy of an experimental whole-blood test for detecting reactivation of echinococcal cysts.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Proteomic analysis of plasma exosomes from Cystic Echinococcosis patients provides in vivo support for distinct immune response profiles in active vs inactive infection and suggests potential biomarkers.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome by Particles from the Echinococcus granulosus Laminated Layer.Infection and immunity · 2020Article
- Multiplex cytokine and antibody profile in cystic echinococcosis patients during a three-year follow-up in reference to the cyst stages.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- Species specificity preliminary evaluation of an IL-4-based test for the differential diagnosis of human echinococcosis.Parasite immunology · 2020Article
- A T-cell diagnostic test for cystic echinococcosis based on Antigen B peptides.Parasite immunology · 2017Article
- Mixed Th1 and Th2 Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD4 T cell responses in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis from Tanzania.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2017Article
- Tuberculosis Biomarkers: From Diagnosis to Protection.Infectious disease reports · 2016Review
- The first meeting of the European Register of Cystic Echinococcosis (ERCE).Parasites & vectors · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCystic echinococcosis (CE) is a complex disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus (E.granulosus), and its immunophatogenesis is still not clearly defined. A peculiar feature of chronic CE is the coexistence of Th1 and Th2 responses. It has been suggested that Th1 cytokines are related to disease resistance, whereas Th2 cytokines are related to disease susceptibility and chronicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate, by multi-parametric flow cytometry (FACS), the presence of CE specific immune signatures. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsWe enrolled 54 subjects with suspected CE; 42 of them had a confirmed diagnosis, whereas 12 were classified as NO-CE. Based on the ultrasonography images, CE patients were further categorized as being in "active stages" (25) and "inactive stages" (17). The ability of CD4+ T-cells to produce IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α, Th2 cytokines or IL-10 was assessed by FACS on antigen-specific T-cells after overnight stimulation with Antigen B (AgB) of E.granulosus. Cytokine profiles were evaluated in all the enrolled subjects. The results show that none of the NO-CE subjects had a detectable AgB-specific response. Among the CE patients, the frequency and proportions of AgB-specific CD4+ T-cells producing IL-2+TNF-α+Th2+ or TNF-α+Th2+ were significantly increased in the "active stages" group compared to the "inactive stages" group. Moreover, an increased proportion of the total polyfunctional subsets, as triple-and double-functional CD4 T-cells, was found in CE patients with active disease. The response to the mitogen, used as a control stimulus to evaluate the immune competence status, was characterized by the same cytokine subsets in all the subjects enrolled, independent of CE.
conclusionsWe demonstrate, for the first time to our knowledge, that polyfunctional T-cell subsets as IL-2+TNF-α+Th2+ triple-positive and TNF-α+Th2+ double-positive specific T-cells associate with cyst biological activity. These results contribute to increase knowledge of CE immunophatogenesis and the disease outcome in terms of control and persistence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.