Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26574686›Full record

ArticleThe ISME journal2016

Diversity in a honey bee pathogen: first report of a third master variant of the Deformed Wing Virus quasispecies.

Gideon J Mordecai, Lena Wilfert, Stephen J Martin, Ian M Jones, Declan C Schroeder

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The ISME journal, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 114 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
114citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

114 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  10. The Role of Pathogens in Bumblebee Decline: A Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
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54 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Gideon J MordecaiViral Ecology, Marine Biological Association, Plymouth, UK.
Lena WilfertCentre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, UK.
Stephen J MartinSchool of Environment and Life Sciences, The University of Salford, Manchester, UK.
Ian M JonesSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
Declan C SchroederViral Ecology, Marine Biological Association, Plymouth, UK.

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/G02040X/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Treatment of emerging RNA viruses is hampered by the high mutation and replication rates that enable these viruses to operate as a quasispecies. Declining honey bee populations have been attributed to the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor and its affiliation with Deformed Wing Virus (DWV). In the current study we use next-generation sequencing to investigate the DWV quasispecies in an apiary known to suffer from overwintering colony losses. We show that the DWV species complex is made up of three master variants. Our results indicate that a new DWV Type C variant is distinct from the previously described types A and B, but together they form a distinct clade compared with other members of the Iflaviridae. The molecular clock estimation predicts that Type C diverged from the other variants ∼319 years ago. The discovery of a new master variant of DWV has important implications for the positive identification of the true pathogen within global honey bee populations.

Indexed as

AnimalsBayes TheoremBeesComputational BiologyEvolution, MolecularGenome, ViralHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingMarkov ChainsPhylogenyRNA VirusesVarroidae

Identifiers

PMID26574686
PMCPMC5029213

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.