Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26572969›Full record

ArticleNature communications2015

Transient misfolding dominates multidomain protein folding.

Alessandro Borgia, Katherine R Kemplen, Madeleine B Borgia, Andrea Soranno, Sarah Shammas, Bengt Wunderlich, Daniel Nettels, Robert B Best, Jane Clarke, Benjamin Schuler

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
62citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

62 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 124 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Determinants of Protein Folding Pathways: Lessons from Metamorphic Proteins.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. A PDZ tandem repeat folds and unfolds via different pathways.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2024
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Folding and Binding Kinetics of the Tandem of SH2 Domains from SHP2.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Mechanisms and pathology of protein misfolding and aggregation.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2023
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Alessandro BorgiaDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
Katherine R KemplenDepartment of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
Madeleine B BorgiaDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
Andrea SorannoDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
Sarah ShammasDepartment of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
Bengt WunderlichDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
Daniel NettelsDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
Robert B BestLaboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0520, USA.
Jane ClarkeDepartment of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
Benjamin SchulerDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
University of Zurich · CHUniversity of Cambridge · GBNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases · US

Funding

Understanding protein folding, evolution and function via molecular simulationZIADK075104 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI BEST, ROBERT · 2013 to 2025
$13.7M
Intramural NIH HHSMedical Research Council MC_U105485808Wellcome Trust 095195
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neighbouring domains of multidomain proteins with homologous tandem repeats have divergent sequences, probably as a result of evolutionary pressure to avoid misfolding and aggregation, particularly at the high cellular protein concentrations. Here we combine microfluidic-mixing single-molecule kinetics, ensemble experiments and molecular simulations to investigate how misfolding between the immunoglobulin-like domains of titin is prevented. Surprisingly, we find that during refolding of tandem repeats, independent of sequence identity, more than half of all molecules transiently form a wide range of misfolded conformations. Simulations suggest that a large fraction of these misfolds resemble an intramolecular amyloid-like state reported in computational studies. However, for naturally occurring neighbours with low sequence identity, these transient misfolds disappear much more rapidly than for identical neighbours. We thus propose that evolutionary sequence divergence between domains is required to suppress the population of long-lived, potentially harmful misfolded states, whereas large populations of transient misfolded states appear to be tolerated.

Indexed as

Protein FoldingProtein UnfoldingAmyloidConnectinFluorescence Resonance Energy TransferHumansKineticsMicrofluidicsMolecular Dynamics SimulationProtein Structure, TertiaryRepetitive Sequences, Amino AcidAmyloidConnectin

Identifiers

PMID26572969
PMCPMC4660218
OpenAlexW2338132158

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.