Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26572063›Full record

ArticleImmunity2015

Inflammasomes Coordinate Pyroptosis and Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity to Clear Infection by a Ubiquitous Environmental Bacterium.

Vivien I Maltez, Alan L Tubbs, Kevin D Cook, Youssef Aachoui, E Liana Falcone, Steven M Holland, Jason K Whitmire, Edward A Miao

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Immunity, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
92citing papers in PubMed
6.6field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

92 citing papers in PubMed, 177 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. The genes zntA and zntR encoding a P-type ATPase and its activator confer zinc and cadmium resistance in Chromobacterium violaceum.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026
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  6. Dialogue between programmed cell death and psoriasis.Postepy dermatologii i alergologii · 2025
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  11. Chemokine expression profile of an innate granuloma.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
    Article
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  15. Review
  16. Regulation of virulence inFrontiers in microbiology · 2024
    Review
  17. Article
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  20. Review

32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Vivien I MaltezDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Alan L TubbsDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Kevin D CookDepartment of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Youssef AachouiDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
E Liana FalconeLaboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Steven M HollandLaboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Jason K WhitmireDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Edward A MiaoDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Electronic address: edmiao1@gmail.com.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases · US

Funding

Virology Research Program (Program 4)P30CA016086 · NCI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Deborah F. Tate · 1985 to 2026
$201.5M
Variation in Human Innate ImmunityU54AI057141 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI COOKSON, BRAD T · 2003 to 2013
$102.3M
BASIC IMMUNE MECHANISMST32AI007273 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI TISCH, ROLAND M · 1985 to 2020
$5.6M
Role of reactive oxygen species and the microbiome in intestinal barrier homeostasisZIAAI001216 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI HOLLAND, STEVEN · 2016 to 2025
$4.1M
Inflammasome Response to Bacterial InfectionR01AI097518 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI MIAO, EDWARD A · 2012 to 2016
$2.0M
Role of caspase-11 in innate immunityR01AI119073 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI MIAO, EDWARD A · 2015 to 2019
$1.7M
Analyses of the effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines on CD4+ T cell responsesR01AI074862 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI WHITMIRE, JASON KYLE · 2008 to 2012
$1.6M
NK cell regulation of adaptive immunity during persisting virus infectionR56AI110682 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI WHITMIRE, JASON KYLE · 2014 to 2014
$380k
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016086NCI NIH HHS P30CA016086NIAID NIH HHS AI057141NIAID NIH HHS AI097518NIAID NIH HHS AI097518-02S1NIAID NIH HHS AI119073NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI074862NIAID NIH HHS R01AI074862NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI097518NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI119073NIAID NIH HHS R56 AI110682NIAID NIH HHS R56AI110682NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007273NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI7273-27NIAID NIH HHS U54 AI057141
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Defective neutrophils in patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) cause susceptibility to extracellular and intracellular infections. Microbes must first be ejected from intracellular niches to expose them to neutrophil attack, so we hypothesized that inflammasomes detect certain CGD pathogens upstream of neutrophil killing. Here, we identified one such ubiquitous environmental bacterium, Chromobacterium violaceum, whose extreme virulence was fully counteracted by the NLRC4 inflammasome. Caspase-1 protected via two parallel pathways that eliminated intracellular replication niches. Pyroptosis was the primary bacterial clearance mechanism in the spleen, but both pyroptosis and interleukin-18 (IL-18)-driven natural killer (NK) cell responses were required for liver defense. NK cells cleared hepatocyte replication niches via perforin-dependent cytotoxicity, whereas interferon-γ was not required. These insights suggested a therapeutic approach: exogenous IL-18 restored perforin-dependent cytotoxicity during infection by the inflammasome-evasive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. Therefore, inflammasomes can trigger complementary programmed cell death mechanisms, directing sterilizing immunity against intracellular bacterial pathogens.

Indexed as

AnimalsApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsBacterial InfectionsCalcium-Binding ProteinsCaspase 1Cell DeathChromobacteriumGranulomatous Disease, ChronicInflammasomesInterferon-gammaInterleukin-18Killer Cells, NaturalListeria monocytogenesListeriosisLiverMiceApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsCalcium-Binding ProteinsCaspase 1InflammasomesInterferon-gammaInterleukin-18Ipaf protein, mouse

Identifiers

PMID26572063
PMCPMC4654968
OpenAlexW2111822935

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.