ArticleNature biotechnology2015
Evolution of translation machinery in recoded bacteria enables multi-site incorporation of nonstandard amino acids.
Article in Nature biotechnology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 149 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
149 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Cell-Free Approach for Non-canonical Amino Acids Incorporation Into Polypeptides.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2020Pooled it
- Ribosome engineering enhances genetic code expansion inSynthetic and systems biotechnology · 2027Article
- Automated prototyping of genetic codes.Nature · 2026Article
- Site-Specific Protein Bioconjugation Through Cellular Incorporation of Noncanonical Amino Acids.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Review
- Cold Orthogonal Translation: A Psychrophilic Pyrrolysyl-tRNA Synthetase Boosts Genetic Code Expansion in E. coli.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Generation of Infectious Prions Amenable to Site-Specific Click Chemistry.ACS chemical biology · 2026Article
- Artificial initiation codons and engineered initiator tRNAs enable N-terminal noncanonical amino acid incorporation in intact cell-free translation systems.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Engineered orthogonal translation systems from metagenomic libraries expand the genetic code.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Copper-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition on live M13 bacteriophage for expanding the molecular diversity of phage-displayed peptide libraries.RSC chemical biology · 2025Article
- Expanding the Repertoire of Photoswitchable Unnatural Amino Acids for Enzyme Engineering.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Article
- High throughput screening of eukaryotic release factor 1 variants to enhance noncanonical amino acid incorporation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Nonfouling Coatings from Synthetic Intrinsically Disordered Proteins.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- Detection of a large antigen through the masking and exposure of a fragment of split luciferase.Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry · 2025Article
- Artificial Gold Enzymes Using a Genetically Encoded Thiophenol-Based Noble-Metal-Binding Ligand.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Article
- Expanding the genetic code: In vivo approaches for incorporating non-proteinogenic monomers.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2025Review
- Article
- Optogenetics with Atomic Precision─A Comprehensive Review of Optical Control of Protein Function through Genetic Code Expansion.Chemical reviews · 2025Review
- Suppression of amber stop codons impairs pathogenicity in Salmonella.FEBS letters · 2025Article
- Genetic Code Expansion: Recent Developments and Emerging Applications.Chemical reviews · 2025Review
- Pyrrolysine Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase as a Tool for Expanding the Genetic Code.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
89 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Expansion of the genetic code with nonstandard amino acids (nsAAs) has enabled biosynthesis of proteins with diverse new chemistries. However, this technology has been largely restricted to proteins containing a single or few nsAA instances. Here we describe an in vivo evolution approach in a genomically recoded Escherichia coli strain for the selection of orthogonal translation systems capable of multi-site nsAA incorporation. We evolved chromosomal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) with up to 25-fold increased protein production for p-acetyl-L-phenylalanine and p-azido-L-phenylalanine (pAzF). We also evolved aaRSs with tunable specificities for 14 nsAAs, including an enzyme that efficiently charges pAzF while excluding 237 other nsAAs. These variants enabled production of elastin-like-polypeptides with 30 nsAA residues at high yields (∼50 mg/L) and high accuracy of incorporation (>95%). This approach to aaRS evolution should accelerate and expand our ability to produce functionalized proteins and sequence-defined polymers with diverse chemistries.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.