ArticlePloS one2015
High Dietary Sodium Intake Assessed by Estimated 24-h Urinary Sodium Excretion Is Associated with NAFLD and Hepatic Fibrosis.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary Sodium Intake and Health Indicators: A Systematic Review of Published Literature between January 2015 and December 2019.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Pooled it
- The science of salt: A regularly updated systematic review of salt and health outcomes (December 2015-March 2016).Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2017Pooled it
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- Dietary salt intake worsens the Th17-dependent inflammatory profile of patients with cirrhosis.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Longitudinal Multi-Organ Transcriptomic Atlas of Salt-Induced Hypertension.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Adding salt to foods increases the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Metabolic traits as mediators between excess salt intake and the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Medicine · 2025Article
- Overexpression of (P)RR in SHR and Renin-Induced HepG2 Cells Leads to Spontaneous Hypertension Combined with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Adding salt to foods and risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and other chronic liver diseases.European journal of nutrition · 2025Article
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- Association between Dietary Potassium Intake and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Advanced Hepatic Fibrosis in U.S. Adults.International journal of endocrinology · 2024Article
- The Role of the Fatty Liver Index (FLI) in the Management of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- High Sodium Intake, as Assessed by Urinary Sodium Excretion, Is Associated with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease or Sarcopenia.Gut and liver · 2023Article
- Article
- Dietary Sodium and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Candidate Screening for Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Clinic by Fib-4 Index From Subclinical Subjects.Gastro hep advances · 2023Article
- Is elevated ALT associated with lifestyle risk factors? A population-based survey.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2022Article
- Revealing the Pathogenesis of Salt-Sensitive Hypertension in Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats through Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis.Metabolites · 2022Article
- Potential role of inflammation in relation to dietary sodium and β-carotene with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a mediation analysis.Nutrition & diabetes · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough high sodium intake is associated with obesity and hypertension, few studies have investigated the relationship between sodium intake and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We evaluated the association between sodium intake assessed by estimated 24-h urinary sodium excretion and NAFLD in healthy Koreans.
methodsWe analyzed data from 27,433 participants in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2008-2010). The total amount of sodium excretion in 24-h urine was estimated using Tanaka's equations from spot urine specimens. Subjects were defined as having NAFLD when they had high scores in previously validated NAFLD prediction models such as the hepatic steatosis index (HSI) and fatty liver index (FLI). BARD scores and FIB-4 were used to define advanced fibrosis in subjects with NAFLD.
resultsThe participants were classified into three groups according to estimated 24-h urinary excretion tertiles. The prevalence of NAFLD as assessed by both FLI and HSI was significantly higher in the highest estimated 24-h urinary sodium excretion tertile group. Even after adjustment for confounding factors including body fat and hypertension, the association between higher estimated 24-h urinary sodium excretion and NAFLD remained significant (Odds ratios (OR) 1.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26-1.55, in HSI; OR 1.75, CI 1.39-2.20, in FLI, both P < 0.001). Further, subjects with hepatic fibrosis as assessed by BARD score and FIB-4 in NAFLD patients had higher estimated 24-h urinary sodium values.
conclusionsHigh sodium intake was independently associated with an increased risk of NAFLD and advanced liver fibrosis.
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