Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26570992›Full record

ReviewExperimental and clinical psychopharmacology2016

Determining menstrual phase in human biobehavioral research: A review with recommendations.

Alicia M Allen, Aimee L McRae-Clark, Samantha Carlson, Michael E Saladin, Kevin M Gray, Cora Lee Wetherington, Sherry A McKee, Sharon S Allen

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 95 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
95citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
6.3field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

95 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 172 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. Inflammatory and Redox Mediators in Rat and Human Ovulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
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35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Alicia M AllenDepartment of Family Medicine & Community Health.
Aimee L McRae-ClarkDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences.
Samantha CarlsonDepartment of Family Medicine & Community Health.
Michael E SaladinDepartment of Health Sciences and Research.
Kevin M GrayDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences.
Cora Lee WetheringtonNational Institute on Drug Abuse.
Sherry A McKeeDepartment of Psychiatry.
Sharon S AllenDepartment of Family Medicine & Community Health.
National Institute on Drug Abuse · US

Funding

Vocational Training for Drug Dependent WomenP50DA016511 · NIDA · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI BRADY, KATHLEEN T. · 2002 to 2017
$14.5M
Univ of Minnesota Buidling Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women's HealthK12HD055887 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI ALLEN, SHARON S, BERGE, JERICA M · 2007 to 2023
$8.6M
Yale SCOR on Gender-Sensitive Treatment for Tobacco DependenceP50DA033945 · NIDA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI MCKEE, SHERRY ANN · 2012 to 2017
$6.5M
Statistical Analysis CoreP50DA033942 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI CARROLL, MARILYN E. · 2012 to 2017
$6.3M
MID-CAREER AWARD IN PATIENT-ORIENTED DRUG ABUSE RESEARCHK24DA038240 · NIDA · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI MCRAE-CLARK, AIMEE L · 2014 to 2023
$1.9M
NICHD NIH HHS K12 HD055887NICHD NIH HHS K12HD055887NIDA NIH HHS K24 DA038240NIDA NIH HHS K24DA038240NIDA NIH HHS P50 DA016511NIDA NIH HHS P50-DA016511NIDA NIH HHS P50 DA033942NIDA NIH HHS P50-DA033942NIDA NIH HHS P50 DA033945NIDA NIH HHS P50-DA033945
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Given the volume and importance of research focusing on menstrual phase, a review of the strategies being used to identify menstrual phase and recommendations that will promote methodological uniformity in the field is needed. We conducted a literature review via Ovid Medline and PsycINFO. Our goal was to review methods used to identify menstrual phase and subphases in biobehavioral research studies with women who had physiologically natural menstrual cycles. Therefore, we excluded articles that focused on any of the following: use of exogenous hormones, the postpartum period, menstrual-related problems (e.g., polycystic ovarian syndrome, endometriosis), and infertility/anovulation. We also excluded articles on either younger (<18 years old) or older (>45 years old) study samples. We initially identified a total of 1,809 articles. After our exclusionary criteria were applied, 146 articles remained, within which our review identified 6 different methods used to identify menstrual phase and subphases. The most common method used was self-report of onset of menses (145/146 articles) followed by urine luteinizing hormone testing (50/146 articles) and measurement of hormones (estradiol and/or progesterone) in blood samples (49/146 articles). Overall, we found a lack of consistency in the methodology used to determine menstrual phase and subphases. We provide several options to improve accuracy of phase identification, as well as to minimize costs and burden. Adoption of these recommendations will decrease misclassification within individual studies, facilitate cross-study comparisons, and enhance the reproducibility of results.

Indexed as

Research DesignBehavioral ResearchEstradiolFemaleHumansLuteinizing HormoneMenstrual CycleProgesteroneReproducibility of ResultsEstradiolLuteinizing HormoneProgesterone

Identifiers

PMID26570992
PMCPMC4821777
OpenAlexW2340329145

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.