Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26569377›Full record

ReviewAnnals of the American Thoracic Society2016

Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Prospects for Personalized Combined Modality Therapy.

Naomi L Deacon, Rachel Jen, Yanru Li, Atul Malhotra

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02714400 (The Impact of Venlafaxine on Apnea Hypopnea Index in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea), which is not on this map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02714400 phase4completednot on this map

The Impact of Venlafaxine on Apnea Hypopnea Index in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of California, San DiegoRan2016 to 2016Enrolled20ConditionsObstructive Sleep ApneaArmsVenlafaxine, Placebo
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. European Respiratory Society guideline on non-CPAP therapies for obstructive sleep apnoea.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2021
    Guideline
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea (2024).World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery · 2026
    Article
  6. Acute Heart Failure and Central Sleep Apnea.Sleep medicine clinics · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Lacune is the stroke subtype linked to obstructive sleep apnea.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2020
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. The Effect of the Modified Jaw-Thrust Maneuver on the Depth of Sedation During Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2019
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Naomi L Deacon1 Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California.
Rachel Jen1 Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California.
Yanru Li1 Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California.
Atul Malhotra1 Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California.

Funding

Single Motor Unit Genioglossus Recordings to Understand Sleep Apnea PathogenesisR01HL085188 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI MALHOTRA, ATUL · 2008 to 2018
$3.5M
Training in the Next Generation in Respiratory ScienceT32HL134632 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI MALHOTRA, ATUL, POWELL, FRANK L. · 2017 to 2021
$2.1M
Assessment of Upper Airway Mechanics Using Newer Electromyographic TechniquesK24HL132105 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI MALHOTRA, ATUL · 2016 to 2020
$611k
NHLBI NIH HHS K24 HL132105NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL085188NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL134632
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder with serious associated morbidities. Although several treatment options are currently available, variable efficacy and adherence result in many patients either not being treated or receiving inadequate treatment long term. Personalized treatment based on relevant patient characteristics may improve adherence to treatment and long-term clinical outcomes. Four key traits of upper airway anatomy and neuromuscular control interact to varying degrees within individuals to cause OSA. These are: (1) the pharyngeal critical closing pressure, (2) the stability of ventilator chemoreflex feedback control (loop gain), (3) the negative intraesophageal pressure that triggers arousal (arousal threshold), and (4) the level of stimulus required to activated upper airway dilator muscles (upper airway recruitment threshold). Simplified diagnostic methods are being developed to assess these pathophysiological traits, potentially allowing prediction of which treatment would best suit each patient. In contrast to current practice of using various treatment modes alone, model predictions and pilot clinical trials show improved outcomes by combining several treatments targeted to each patient's pathophysiology profile. These developments could theoretically improve efficacy and adherence to treatment and in turn reduce the social and economic health burden of OSA and the associated life-threatening morbidities. This article reviews OSA pathophysiology and identifies currently available and investigational treatments that may be combined in the future to optimize therapy based on individual profiles of key patient pathophysiological traits.

Indexed as

Sleep Apnea, ObstructiveCombined Modality TherapyContinuous Positive Airway PressureHumansTreatment Outcomecontinuous positive airway pressuresleepsleep apneatherapytreatment

Identifiers

PMID26569377
PMCPMC5461982

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.