ArticleArthritis research & therapy2015
A subset of CD163+ macrophages displays mixed polarizations in discoid lupus skin.
Article in Arthritis research & therapy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- RNA in situ hybridization for ISG15 and IFI6 highlights IFN-I activity in discoid lupus erythematosus.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2026Article
- Common Skin Diseases and Metabolic Syndrome: A Proinflammatory Chemokine Perspective.Metabolites · 2026Review
- Ashes to Rashes: An Exploration of the Intersection Between Smoking and Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Prognostic prediction model for Chinese uveal melanoma patients based on matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -28 expression levels in the tumor.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
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- Diverse macrophage populations contribute to distinct manifestations of human cutaneous graft-versus-host disease.The British journal of dermatology · 2024Article
- Mutual regulation of PD-L1 immunosuppression between tumor-associated macrophages and tumor cells: a critical role for exosomes.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Identification of a shared gene signature and biological mechanism between diabetic foot ulcers and cutaneous lupus erythemnatosus by transcriptomic analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- Damage-mediated macrophage polarization in sterile inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Tumor-associated macrophages: an effective player of the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Susceptibility of perivenous macrophages to PRRSV-1 subtype 1 LV and PRRSV-1 subtype 3 Lena using a new vein explant model.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Review
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- Machine learning reveals distinct gene signature profiles in lesional and nonlesional regions of inflammatory skin diseases.Science advances · 2022Article
- Roles and new Insights of Macrophages in the Tumor Microenvironment of Thyroid Cancer.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- The Genetic Landscape of Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
- The Yin-Yang of myeloid cells in the leukemic microenvironment: Immunological role and clinical implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The hallmark and crosstalk of immune cells after intracerebral hemorrhage: Immunotherapy perspectives.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- Modular gene analysis reveals distinct molecular signatures for subsets of patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus.The British journal of dermatology · 2021Article
- Altered expression of genes controlling metabolism characterizes the tissue response to immune injury in lupus.Scientific reports · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionLesional skin of patients with discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) contains macrophages, whose polarization has yet to be investigated. To test our hypothesis that M1 macrophages would be increased in DLE skin, we examined transcriptome alterations in immune cell gene expression and macrophage features in DLE and normal skin by using gene expression and histochemical approaches.
methodsGene expression of RNA from DLE lesional and normal control skin was compared by microarrays and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Both skin groups were analyzed for CD163 expression by immunohistochemistry. Double immunofluorescence studies were performed to characterize protein expression of CD163+ macrophages.
resultsDLE skin had twice as many upregulated genes than downregulated genes compared with normal skin. Gene set enrichment analysis comparing differentially expressed genes in DLE and normal skin with previously published gene sets associated with M1 and M2 macrophages showed strong overlap between upregulated genes in DLE skin and M1 macrophages. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that several M1 macrophage-associated genes--e.g., chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1)-had amplified mRNA levels in DLE skin. CD163+ macrophages were increased near the epidermal-dermal junction and perivascular areas in DLE skin compared with normal skin. However, double immunofluorescence studies of CD163+ macrophages revealed minor co-expression of M1 (CXCL10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and CD127) and M2 (CD209 and transforming growth factor-beta) macrophage-related proteins in DLE skin.
conclusionWhereas a subset of CD163+ macrophages displays mixed polarizations in DLE skin, other immune cells such as T cells can contribute to the expression of these macrophage-related genes.
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