ArticlePublic health nutrition2017
Economic evaluation of vitamin D and calcium food fortification for fracture prevention in Germany.
Article in Public health nutrition, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modelling health and economic impact of nutrition interventions: a systematic review.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of Calcium Fortified Foods on Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Reducing hip and non-vertebral fractures in institutionalised older adults by restoring inadequate intakes of protein and calcium is cost-saving.Age and ageing · 2023Trial
- Health economic evaluation of health promotion and disease prevention in Germany: a scoping review.Health economics review · 2026Review
- Modelling vitamin D food fortification among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
- Vitamin D Fortification of Dairy Products in the United Kingdom: What Are the Barriers?Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- Vitamin D deficiency and disease conditions relevant to: Orthopaedic translation.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- Vitamin D status in medical staff in a German university hospital in comparison to wasteworkers in Northern and its association to quality of life: a prospective four-arm cohort study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Vitamin D Status in Children: Romania's National Vitamin D Screening Programme in Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Observational
- Prevalence of Fractures in the Adult Population of Germany: An Evaluation of Inpatient and Outpatient Cases.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2025Observational
- A simulation study to improve calcium intake through wheat flour fortification.Public health nutrition · 2024Article
- Fortification of Staple Foods for Household Use with Vitamin D: An Overview of Systematic Reviews.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Vitamin D Fortification of Eggs Alone and in Combination with Milk in Women Aged 44-65 Years: Fortification Model and Economic Evaluation.Zdravstveno varstvo · 2023Article
- Interventions to improve calcium intake through foods in populations with low intake.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2022Review
- Potential of Vitamin D Food Fortification in Prevention of Cancer Deaths-A Modeling Study.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Cardiovascular Healthcare Cost Savings Associated with Increased Whole Grains Consumption among Adults in the United States.Nutrients · 2020Article
- Review
- Review
- Getting underneath the skin: A community engagement event for optimal vitamin D status in an 'easily overlooked' group.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2019Article
- Rationale and Plan for Vitamin D Food Fortification: A Review and Guidance Paper.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe study evaluates the economic benefit of population-wide vitamin D and Ca food fortification in Germany.
designBased on a spreadsheet model, we compared the cost of a population-wide vitamin D and Ca food-fortification programme with the potential cost savings from prevented fractures in the German female population aged 65 years and older.
settingThe annual burden of disease and the intervention cost were assessed for two scenarios: (i) no food fortification; and (ii) voluntary food fortification with 20 µg (800 IU) of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) and 200 mg of Ca. The analysis considered six types of fractures: hip, clinical vertebral, humerus, wrist, other femur and pelvis. SUBJECTS: Subgroups of the German population defined by age and sex.
resultsThe implementation of a vitamin D and Ca food-fortification programme in Germany would lead to annual net cost savings of €315 million and prevention of 36 705 fractures in the target population.
conclusionsVitamin D and Ca food fortification is an economically beneficial preventive health strategy that has the potential to reduce the future health burden of osteoporotic fractures in Germany. The implementation of a vitamin D and Ca food-fortification programme should be a high priority for German health policy makers because it offers substantial cost-saving potential for the German health and social care systems.
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Registered trials
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