ArticleCell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)2015
IL-12 induced the generation of IL-21- and IFN-γ-co-expressing poly-functional CD4+ T cells from human naive CD4+ T cells.
Article in Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metabolic Reprogramming Bridges Environmental Exposure and Tinnitus Severity: Evidence from AI-Driven Serum Multiomics.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Immune Mechanisms in Myocardial Remodeling Following Myocardial Infarction: Focusing on Regulatory Networks of T Cell Responses.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- CD11c+ Tbet+ B cells constrain obesity- and vaccination-induced germinal center B cells and T helper cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Immune surveillance and humoral immune responses in kidney transplantation - A look back at T follicular helper cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Temporally Evolving and Context-Dependent Functions of Cytokines That Regulate Murine Anti-Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Dendritic Cells and Their Immunotherapeutic Potential for Treating Type 1 Diabetes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Stat4 rs7574865 polymorphism promotes the occurrence and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via the Stat4/CYP2E1/FGL2 pathway.Cell death & disease · 2022Article
- Whole inactivated dengue virus-loaded trimethyl chitosan nanoparticle-based vaccine: immunogenic properties inHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Article
- Cytokine-skewed Tfh cells: functional consequences for B cell help.Trends in immunology · 2021Review
- Tissue-Resident Memory-Like CD8Journal of immunology research · 2021Observational
- Multi-Source Pathways of T Follicular Helper Cell Differentiation.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- MicroRNA-219a-5p suppresses intestinal inflammation through inhibiting Th1/Th17-mediated immune responses in inflammatory bowel disease.Mucosal immunology · 2020Article
- Immunological Fingerprints of Controllers Developing Neutralizing HIV-1 Antibodies.Cell reports · 2020Article
- Immune Network Modeling Predicts Specific Nasopharyngeal and Peripheral Immune Dysregulation in Otitis-Prone Children.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- IL-12 Signaling Contributes to the Reprogramming of Neonatal CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Curcumin Nanoparticles Enhance Mycobacterium bovis BCG Vaccine Efficacy by Modulating Host Immune Responses.Infection and immunity · 2019Article
- IL-12 signaling drives the differentiation and function of a TScientific reports · 2019Article
- Critical role of Tim-3 mediated autophagy in chronic stress induced immunosuppression.Cell & bioscience · 2019Article
- Immune Reconstitution Disorders: Spotlight on Interferons.International journal of biomedical investigation · 2019Article
- Thymosin Alpha1-Fc Modulates the Immune System and Down-regulates the Progression of Melanoma and Breast Cancer with a Prolonged Half-life.Scientific reports · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interleukine-12 is critical for the differentiation of Th1 cells and can improve the development of Th1 cells with Tfh cell features in mouse model. Human effector CD4(+) T cells also exhibit poly-functionality by co-expressing IL-21 and IFN-γ. However, the effects of IL-12 on regulating generation of human IL-21- and IFN-γ-expressing CD4(+) T cells are still incompletely understood. Our studies found that IL-12 but not IL-21 could induce the differentiation of human naive CD4(+) T cells into multi-cytokine expressing CD4(+) T cells in vitro, which co-expressed IL-21 and IFN-γ with or without IL-2 and TNF-α. At early stage of differentiation, addition of excess exogenous IFN-γ could increase the generation of IL-21- and IFN-γ-expressing CD4(+) T cells, furthermore, anti-IFN-γ depressed the percentage of poly-functional CD4(+) T cells. Phenotypically, IL-21(+)IFN-γ(+)CD4(+) T cells exhibited more characteristic features about both of Th1 and Tfh cells than IL-21 or IFN-γ single-expressing CD4(+) T cells. Mechamistically, IL-12 modulated the differentiation of IL-21(+)IFN-γ(+)CD4(+) T cells from naive CD4(+) T cells via the pathways of STAT-1/4, T-bet and BCL(-)6. Different from naive CD4(+) T cells, IL-12 increasing the generation of IL-21(+)IFN-γ(+)CD4(+) T cells from memory CD4(+) T cells was only involved in STAT-4 pathway but not STAT-1. Poly-functional CD4(+) T cells were contributed to generation and progress of varies diseases and our studies provide basic theoretics for the designs of vaccine and therapies of diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.