SynthesisPloS one2015
Maternal Diabetes and Cognitive Performance in the Offspring: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 134 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of Methods and Practice for Integrating Maternal, Fetal, and Child Health Outcomes, and Family Spillover Effects into Cost-Utility Analyses.PharmacoEconomics · 2024Pooled it
- Does Intrauterine Exposure to Diabetes Impact Mental and Motor Skills? A Meta-Analysis of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Pooled it
- The association between gestational diabetes and ASD and ADHD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2021Pooled it
- Motor Developmental Outcomes in Children Exposed to Maternal Diabetes during Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Gestational weight gain and offspring's cognitive skills: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pediatrics · 2020Pooled it
- Neurocognitive and behavioural outcomes in offspring exposed to maternal pre-existing diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetologia · 2019Pooled it
- Metformin Versus Insulin for Gestational Diabetes: Cognitive and Neuropsychological Profiles of Children Aged 9 years.Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP · 2023Trial
- Association between Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Long-Term Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in the Offspring.American journal of perinatology · 2022Trial
- Perinatal outcomes in pregnancies with one abnormal oral glucose tolerance test value: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of the Turkish German Gynecological Association · 2026Article
- Infant subcortical brain volumes associated with maternal obesity and diabetes: a large multicohort human study.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Gestational diabetes mellitus and children's social-emotional development, behavioral problems, and psychological adjustment.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Children with speech and language delay aged 2-10 Years in Palestine: A case-control study of socio-demographic, biological, familial, and environmental factors.SAGE open medicine · 2026Article
- Prenatal Glucose Intolerance and Child Neurodevelopmental Disorders.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Associations of maternal dietary carbohydrate intake, glycemic index, and glycemic load during pregnancy with offspring neurodevelopment.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Maternal Fasting Plasma Glucose Level in Early Gestation and Developmental Delay in 2-year-old Children.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Diabetes in Pregnancy and School-Age Developmental Outcomes for Offspring: A Statewide Retrospective Cohort Study.Diabetes care · 2025Article
- Perinatal and Childhood Risk Factors of Adverse Early Childhood Developmental Outcomes: A Systematic Review Using a Socioecological Model.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Association between maternal glycohemoglobin in pregnancy and adult offspring cognition: results from the Transgenerational Effects of Adult Morbidity (TEAM) Study.Journal of developmental origins of health and disease · 2025Article
- Effect of maternal gestational diabetes mellitus on neurodevelopment in late preterm infants at the corrected age of 12 months.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prenatal maternal diabetes, comorbidities, and risk for neurodevelopmental impairment in the first two years.Pediatric research · 2025Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveDiabetes during gestation is one of the most common pregnancy complications associated with adverse health effects for the mother and the child. Maternal diabetes has been proposed to negatively affect the cognitive abilities of the child, but experimental research assessing its impact is conflicting. The main aim of our study was to compare the cognitive function in children of diabetic and healthy pregnant women.
methodsA systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted through a literature search using different electronic databases from the index date to January 31, 2015. We included studies that assessed the cognitive abilities in children (up to 14 years) of diabetic and non-diabetic mothers using standardized and validated neuropsychological tests.
resultsOf 7,698 references reviewed, 12 studies involving 6,140 infants met our inclusion criteria and contributed to meta-analysis. A random effect model was used to compute the standardized mean differences and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Infants (1-2 years) of diabetic mothers had significantly lower scores of mental and psychomotor development compared to control infants. The effect size for mental development was -0.41 (95% CI -0.59, -0.24; p<0.0001) and for psychomotor development was -0.31 (95% CI -0.55, -0.07; p = 0.0125) with non-significant heterogeneity. Diabetes during pregnancy could be associated with decreased intelligence quotient scores in school-age children, although studies showed significant heterogeneity.
conclusionThe association between maternal diabetes and deleterious effects on mental/psychomotor development and overall intellectual function in the offspring must be taken with caution. Results are based on observational cohorts and a direct causal influence of intrauterine hyperglycemia remains uncertain. Therefore, more trials that include larger populations are warranted to elucidate whether gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has a negative impact on offspring central nervous system (CNS).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.