Observational studyPloS one2015
Factors Associated with Low-Level Viraemia and Virological Failure: Results from the Austrian HIV Cohort Study.
Observational study in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence of low-level viremia and related influencing factors among people living with HIV in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Week 96 Results of Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide for HIV Treatment in People With Substance Use Disorders.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Impact of HIV-1 low-level viremia on virologic and immunologic failure during antiretroviral therapy: a retrospective cohort study from 2005 to 2023 in Qinzhou City, Guangxi, China.AIDS research and therapy · 2026Article
- Article
- Low-level viremia and subsequent virologic failure among people living with HIV: a retrospective cohort study in China.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- A Guide to the Evolving Clinical Landscape of Low-Level Viremia Among Persons with HIV in the Modern Treatment Era.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2025Review
- Prevalence of detectable viral load and its associated factors among adult patients receiving ART in Choma District, Zambia.PloS one · 2025Article
- Effectiveness and Safety of Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide in Patients With HIV-1 Infection and Ongoing Substance Use Disorder: The BASE Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Influencing factors and adverse outcomes of virologic rebound states in anti-retroviral-treated individuals with HIV infection.Journal of virus eradication · 2023Review
- HIV Virologic Failure among Patients with Persistent Low-Level Viremia in Nairobi, Kenya: It Is Time to Review the >1000 Virologic Failure Threshold.BioMed research international · 2023Article
- HIV-1 drug resistance mutations among individuals with low-level viraemia while taking combination ART in Botswana.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2022Article
- HIV-1 Drug Resistance Profiles of Low-Level Viremia Patients and Factors Associated With the Treatment Effect of ART-Treated Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in Jiangsu, China.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Factors associated with low-level viraemia in people with HIV starting antiretroviral therapy: A Swedish observational study.PloS one · 2022Observational
- Retention on ART and viral suppression among patients in alternative models of differentiated HIV service delivery in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Persistent low-Level viremia in persons living with HIV undertreatment: An unresolved status.Virulence · 2021Review
- A Lower CD4 Count Predicts Most Causes of Death except Cardiovascular Deaths. The Austrian HIV Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Factors associated with viremia in people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Guatemala.AIDS research and therapy · 2021Article
- Associations Between Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Ribonucleic Acid Levels and Incidence of Invasive Cancer in People With HIV After Initiation of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Persistent Low-Level Viremia is an Independent Risk Factor for Virologic Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study in China.Infection and drug resistance · 2021Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn human immunodeficiency virus treatment adequate virological suppression is warranted, nevertheless for some patients it remains a challenge. We investigated factors associated with low-level viraemia (LLV) and virological failure (VF) under combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). MATERIALS AND
methodsWe analysed patients receiving standard regimens between 1st July 2012 and 1st July 2013 with at least one viral load (VL) measurement below the quantification limit (BLQ) in their treatment history. After a minimum of 6 months of unmodified cART, the next single VL measurement within 6 months was analysed. VF was defined as HIV RNA levels ≥ 200 copies/mL and all other quantifiable measurements were classified as LLV. Factors associated with LLV and VF compared to BLQ were identified by logistic regression models.
resultsOf 2276 participants, 1972 (86.6%) were BLQ, 222 (9.8%) showed LLV and 82 (3.6%) had VF. A higher risk for LLV and VF was shown in patients with cART interruptions and in patients with boosted PI therapy. The risk for LLV and VF was lower in patients from centres using the Abbott compared to the Roche assay to measure VL. A higher risk for LLV but not for VF was found in patients with a higher VL before cART [for >99.999 copies/mL: aOR (95% CI): 4.19 (2.07-8.49); for 10.000-99.999 copies/mL: aOR (95% CI): 2.52 (1.23-5.19)] and shorter cART duration [for <9 months: aOR (95% CI): 2.59 (1.38-4.86)]. A higher risk for VF but not for LLV was found in younger patients [for <30 years: aOR (95% CI): 2.76 (1.03-7.35); for 30-50 years: aOR (95% CI): 2.70 (1.26-5.79)], people originating from high prevalence countries [aOR (95% CI): 2.20 (1.09-4.42)] and in male injecting drug users [aOR (95% CI): 2.72 (1.38-5.34)].
conclusionsFor both VF and LLV, factors associated with adherence play a prominent role. Furthermore, performance characteristics of the diagnostic assay used for VL quantification should also be taken into consideration.
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