ArticleCell reports2015
Exosome Secretion by the Parasitic Protozoan Leishmania within the Sand Fly Midgut.
Article in Cell reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 132 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
132 citing papers in PubMed, 260 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systemic IgG responses toFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Characterization of the dual functions of Leishmania CK1.2 in both the parasite and the macrophage.PloS one · 2026Article
- Article
- Manipulation of macrophage signaling byVirulence · 2025Review
- mGem: Extracellular vesicles inmBio · 2025Review
- Review
- Exosomes in infectious diseases: insights into leishmaniasis pathogenesis, immune modulation, and therapeutic potential.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Trypanosomatids: The Key to Decoding Host-Parasite Communication.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Performance of Extracellular Vesicles FromJournal of parasitology research · 2025Article
- Human macrophages release exosomes containing anti-inflammatory microRNAs after phagocytosis ofFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Proteomics of plasma-derived extracellular vesicles from human patients identifies biomarkers for monitoring visceral leishmaniasis therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Potential of extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy for parasitic diseases.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2024Review
- Microbial Matryoshka: Addressing the Relationship between Pathogenic Flagellated Protozoans and Their RNA Viral Endosymbionts (FamilyVeterinary sciences · 2024Review
- Th17 Cell and Inflammatory Infiltrate Interactions in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Unraveling Immunopathogenic Mechanisms.Immune network · 2024Review
- Aspartyl protease in the secretome of honey bee trypanosomatid parasite contributes to infection of bees.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- UniqueFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Implication of the Annexin 1/FPR axis in leishmanial exosome-mediatedFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Overview of extracellular vesicles in pathogens with special focus on human extracellular protozoan parasites.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2024Review
- Identification of potential novel proteomic markers ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Immunomodulatory properties ofFrontiers in parasitology · 2024Article
72 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Despite several studies describing the secretion of exosomes by Leishmania in vitro, observation of their formation and release in vivo has remained a major challenge. Herein, we show that Leishmania constitutively secretes exosomes within the lumen of the sand fly midgut through a mechanism homologous to the mammalian pathway. Through egestion experiments, we demonstrate that Leishmania exosomes are part of the sand fly inoculum and are co-egested with the parasite during the insect's bite, possibly influencing the host infectious process. Indeed, co-inoculation of mice footpads with L. major plus midgut-isolated or in-vitro-isolated L. major exosomes resulted in a significant increase in footpad swelling. Notably, co-injections produced exacerbated lesions through overinduction of inflammatory cytokines, in particular IL-17a. Our data indicate that Leishmania exosomes are an integral part of the parasite's infectious life cycle, and we propose to add these vesicles to the repertoire of virulence factors associated with vector-transmitted infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.