ArticleScientific reports2015
Electromagnetic Initiation and Propagation of Bipolar Radiofrequency Tissue Reactions via Invasive Non-Insulated Microneedle Electrodes.
Article in Scientific reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Retrospective Analysis of Radiofrequency Microneedling for Melasma Management in the Japanese Population.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Article
- Computational modeling and histologic analysis of 6.78- and 2-MHz monopolar radiofrequency-induced thermal reactions.Lasers in medical science · 2025Article
- Non-Insulated Microneedle Radiofrequency for the Treatment of Hydroquinone-Induced Exogenous Ochronosis: A Case Report and Literature Review.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2025Article
- A Randomized, Split-Face, Comparative Study of a Combined Needle Radiofrequency/Intense Pulsed Light Device in Moderate-to-Severe Acne Patients.Annals of dermatology · 2024Article
- Effect of sequential delivery of 1- and 2-MHz bipolar microneedling radiofrequency energy on thermal tissue reactions in a minipig model.Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) · 2024Article
- Targeting the dermis for melasma maintenance treatment.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Immediate and Late Effects of Pulse Widths and Cycles on Bipolar, Gated Radiofrequency-Induced Tissue Reactions in in vivo Rat Skin.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2023Article
- Effect of Pulse Widths and Cycles on Invasive, Bipolar, and Gated Radiofrequency-Induced Thermal Reactions in ex vivo Bovine Liver Tissue.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2023Article
- A Face-Split Study to Evaluate the Effects of Microneedle Radiofrequency with Q-Switched Nd:YAG Laser for the Treatment of Melasma.Annals of dermatology · 2019Article
- Senescent fibroblasts drive ageing pigmentation: A potential therapeutic target for senile lentigo.Theranostics · 2018Article
- Adjuvant Therapy for Revision Rhinoplasty of Contracted Nose Using Polydeoxyribonucleotide and Invasive Bipolar Radiofrequency.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2018Article
- Physics of fractional microneedle radiofrequency - A review.Journal of cutaneous and aesthetic surgeryReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Radiofrequency (RF) energy can be emitted into the skin, either non- or invasively, via a monopolar mode that utilizes an active electrode and a grounded electrode or via a bipolar mode that employs two active electrodes. In this experimental study of RF tissue reactions, bipolar RF energy was emitted in vivo to micropig skin at varying microneedle penetration depths, signal amplitudes, and conduction times. Immediately after RF treatment, skin samples exhibited RF-induced coagulation columns of thermal injury, separately generated around each microneedle in the dermis. In ex vivo bovine liver tissue, the thermal coagulation columns were found to be concentrated maximally around the pointed tips of each electrode. After a RF conduction time of 2 seconds, the individual areas of thermal coagulation began to converge with neighboring RF-induced coagulation columns; the convergence of coagulation columns was found to start from the tips of neighboring electrodes.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.