ArticleJournal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS2016
Examination of the Factor Structure of a Global Cognitive Function Battery across Race and Time.
Article in Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Factor Structure of Cognitive Functioning in Cognitively Healthy Participants: a Meta-Analysis and Meta-Analysis of Individual Participant Data.Neuropsychology review · 2020Pooled it
- Associations of cognitive activity and access to resources with cognitive decline in a broad representation of older adults.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Sub-Networks of the Brain RHuman brain mapping · 2026Article
- The relationship between blood pressure and cognitive decline differs by race.The Gerontologist · 2025Article
- Measurement equivalence of the UDS version 2.0 and 3.0 neuropsychological batteries.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Article
- ARTS is associated with vascular risk factors, MCI, dementia, and stroke.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- COVID-19 and Cognitive Change in a Community-Based Cohort.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Change in transverse relaxation rates (RHuman brain mapping · 2025Article
- Beyond Hypertension: Examining Variable Blood Pressure's Role in Cognition and Brain Structure.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2024Article
- Cerebral arteriolosclerosis, lacunar infarcts, and cognition in older Black adults.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Changes in an in-vivo classifier of ARTerioloSclerosis (ARTS) with simultaneous change in cognition for older African Americans.Neurobiology of aging · 2024Article
- Beyond Hypertension: Examining Variable Blood Pressure's Role in Cognition and Brain Structure.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Free Recall Outperforms Story Recall in Associations with Plasma Biomarkers in Preclinical Alzheimer Disease.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2024Article
- Measurement and structural invariance of a neuropsychological battery among Middle Eastern/North African, Black, and White older adults.Neuropsychology · 2023Article
- Cognitive differences across ethnoracial category, socioeconomic status across the Alzheimer's disease spectrum: Can an ability discrepancy score level the playing field?Memory & cognition · 2023Article
- Subjective cognitive decline is a better marker for future cognitive decline in females than in males.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2022Article
- Associations of deformation-based brain morphometry with cognitive level and decline within older Blacks without dementia.Neurobiology of aging · 2022Article
- Predictors of cognitive decline in a multi-racial sample of midlife women: A longitudinal study.Neuropsychology · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Older African Americans tend to perform more poorly on cognitive function tests than older Whites. One possible explanation for their poorer performance is that the tests used to assess cognition may not reflect the same construct in African Americans and Whites. Therefore, we tested measurement invariance, by race and over time, of a structured 18-test cognitive battery used in three epidemiologic cohort studies of diverse older adults. Multi-group confirmatory factor analyses were carried out with full-information maximum likelihood estimation in all models to capture as much information as was present in the observed data. Four different aspects of the data were fit to each model: comparative fit index (CFI), standardized root mean square residuals (SRMR), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), and model $$\chi ^{2} $$ . We found that the most constrained model fit the data well (CFI=0.950; SRMR=0.051; RMSEA=0.057 (90% confidence interval: 0.056, 0.059); the model $$\chi ^{2} $$ =4600.68 on 862 df), supporting the characterization of this model of cognitive test scores as invariant over time and racial group. These results support the conclusion that the cognitive test battery used in the three studies is invariant across race and time and can be used to assess cognition among African Americans and Whites in longitudinal studies. Furthermore, the lower performance of African Americans on these tests is not due to bias in the tests themselves but rather likely reflect differences in social and environmental experiences over the life course. (JINS, 2016, 22, 66-75).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.