ReviewCNS drugs2015
Olfactory Reference Disorder: Diagnosis, Epidemiology and Management.
Review in CNS drugs, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Living with an imagined odor: first case report of olfactory reference syndrome in East Africa treated using a multimodal approach.Journal of medical case reports · 2026Article
- Clinical characteristics and treatment response of a possible self-contamination subtype of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a prospective investigation.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Olfactory Obsessions: A Study of Prevalence and Phenomenology in the Course of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Hiccups induced by aripiprazole combined with sertraline in an adolescent with olfactory reference disorder: A case report.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Sniffing out olfactory reference syndrome.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2017Article
- Olanzapine Improved Symptoms and Olfactory Function in an Olfactory Reference Syndrome Patient.The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciencesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although not included as a disorder in the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition), olfactory reference disorder (ORD) is being considered for inclusion as a discrete disorder in the ICD-11 (International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition). ORD is likely underdiagnosed and undertreated. The purpose of this paper is to provide information to clinicians and researchers on the epidemiology, clinical presentation and treatment options for this condition. A narrative overview of the literature as retrieved from a computerized database search is provided. ORD is a condition that is characterized by the erroneous belief that one emits a foul or unpleasant body odour, resulting in significant distress and impairment. It is often accompanied by referential thinking and repetitive behaviours aimed at camouflaging the perceived odour. Level of insight varies, with some patients having concerns that are delusional. Patients usually do not spontaneously report their symptoms and so screening in suspected cases is crucial. The literature regarding ORD treatment remains limited.
Indexed as
Identifiers
26563195What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.