ReviewDiscovery medicine2015
Discovery of the drivers of inflammation induced chronic low back pain: from bacteria to diabetes.
Review in Discovery medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Plasma Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in an Observational Chronic Low Back Pain Cohort.JOR spine · 2025Article
- Association between metabolism and low back pain: a cross-sectional study.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Article
- The relationship between abnormal glucose metabolism and chronic pain.Cell & bioscience · 2025Review
- Differences in Gut Microbiota Composition Depending on the Site of Pain in Patients with Chronic Pain.Journal of pain research · 2025Article
- Causal Relationships Between Abdominal Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, Fasting Insulin, and Cervical Disc Disorders, Osteoporosis, and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2025Article
- A new immunometabolic perspective of intervertebral disc degeneration.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2022Review
- Immuno-Modulatory Effects of Intervertebral Disc Cells.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- Toll-like receptor 2 induced senescence in intervertebral disc cells of patients with back pain can be attenuated by o-vanillin.Arthritis research & therapy · 2021Article
- Multiscale Regulation of the Intervertebral Disc: Achievements in Experimental, In Silico, and Regenerative Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Gel and cells: A promising reparative strategy for degenerated intervertebral discs.EBioMedicine · 2020Article
- High mobility group box-1 induces pro-inflammatory signaling in human nucleus pulposus cells via toll-like receptor 4-dependent pathway.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2019Article
- Osteoarthritis and intervertebral disc degeneration: Quite different, quite similar.JOR spine · 2018Review
- Acupuncture and Neural Mechanism in the Management of Low Back Pain-An Update.Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The intervertebral disc is a unique avascular organ that supports axial skeleton flexion and rotation. The high proteoglycan content of the nucleus pulposus tissue, present at the center of the disc, is pivotal for its mechanical function, distribution of compressive loads. Chronic low back pain, a prevalent and costly condition, is strongly associated with disc degeneration. Degenerated discs exhibit high levels of inflammatory cytokines, matrix catabolizing enzymes, and an overall reduction in proteoglycan content. Although the cytokine profile of diseased discs has been widely studied, little is known of what initiates and drives inflammation and subsequent low back pain. Recent studies have shown that anaerobic bacteria are present in a high percentage of painful, herniated discs and long-term treatment with antibiotics resolves symptoms associated with chronic low back pain. It is thought that these anaerobic bacteria in the disc may stimulate inflammation through toll-like receptors to further exacerbate disc degeneration. Despite the promise and novelty of this theory, there are other possible inflammatory mediators that need careful consideration. The metabolic environment associated with diabetes and atypical matrix degradation products also have the ability to activate many of the same inflammatory pathways as seen during microbial infection. It is therefore imperative that the research community must investigate the contribution of all possible drivers of inflammation to address the wide spread problem of discogenic chronic low back pain.
Indexed as
Identifiers
26562470PMC5948001W2239123544What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.