ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2015
Cutting Edge: Nanogel-Based Delivery of an Inhibitor of CaMK4 to CD4+ T Cells Suppresses Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis and Lupus-like Disease in Mice.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cell-Targeted Inhibition of CaMK4 Suppresses Tertiary Lymphoid-like Structure Development in Lupus-Prone Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Remodeling the Inflammatory Microenvironment: Nanomaterial-Based Targeted Strategies for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis.Small science · 2026Review
- Restoring B cell intrinsic tolerance to lupus autoimmunity: a rational strategy for lupus treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Calcium calmodulin kinase IV deficiency in podocytes prevents the development of lupus nephritis.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2025Article
- The Role of Podocytes in Lupus Pathology.Current rheumatology reports · 2024Review
- The immunology of systemic lupus erythematosus.Nature immunology · 2024Review
- The immunoregulatory roles of non-haematopoietic cells in the kidney.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2024Review
- The thymocyte-specific RNA-binding protein Arpp21 provides TCR repertoire diversity by binding to the 3'-UTR and promoting Rag1 mRNA expression.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Leveraging Lymphatic System Targeting in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus for Improved Clinical Outcomes.Pharmacological reviews · 2024Review
- CaMK4 controls follicular helper T cell expansion and function during normal and autoimmune T-dependent B cell responses.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Peptide-based immunotherapy in lupus: Where are we now?Rheumatology and immunology research · 2023Review
- Inhibition of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV in arthritis: dual effect on Th17 cell activation and osteoclastogenesis.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- The star target in SLE: IL-17.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2023Review
- Phosphofructokinase P fine-tunes T regulatory cell metabolism, function, and stability in systemic autoimmunity.Science advances · 2022Article
- Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV promotes imiquimod-induced psoriatic inflammation via macrophages and keratinocytes in mice.Nature communications · 2022Article
- IL-23 reshapes kidney resident cell metabolism and promotes local kidney inflammation.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Article
- T Cell Abnormalities in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: an Update.Current rheumatology reports · 2021Review
- N-glycosylated IgG in patients with kidney transplants increases calcium/calmodulin kinase IV in podocytes and causes injury.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2021Article
- Amino Acid Metabolism in Lupus.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Strategies to Use Nanoparticles to Generate CD4 and CD8 Regulatory T Cells for the Treatment of SLE and Other Autoimmune Diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Treatment of autoimmune diseases is still largely based on the use of systemically acting immunosuppressive drugs, which invariably cause severe side effects. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV is involved in the suppression of IL-2 and the production of IL-17. Its pharmacologic or genetic inhibition limits autoimmune disease in mice. In this study, we demonstrate that KN93, a small-molecule inhibitor of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV, targeted to CD4(+) T cells via a nanolipogel delivery system, markedly reduced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and was 10-fold more potent than the free systemically delivered drug in the lupus mouse models. The targeted delivery of KN93 did not deplete T cells but effectively blocked Th17 cell differentiation and expansion as measured in the spinal cords and kidneys of mice developing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis or lupus, respectively. These results highlight the promise of cell-targeted inhibition of molecules involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity as a means of advancing the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.