ArticleFrontiers in plant science2015
TOR-inhibitor insensitive-1 (TRIN1) regulates cotyledons greening in Arabidopsis.
Article in Frontiers in plant science, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genome-wide Identification and expression analysis of TOR signaling pathway components in apple in response to low nitrogen.The plant genome · 2026Article
- Target of Rapamycin is a crucial regulator of photosynthesis and nutrient metabolism partitioning in Nannochloropsis gaditana.Biotechnology for biofuels and bioproducts · 2025Article
- Metabolic strategies in hypoxic plants.Plant physiology · 2024Review
- Overexpression of Nta-miR6155 confers resistance toFrontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Network of the transcriptome and metabolomics reveals a novel regulation of drought resistance during germination in wheat.Annals of botany · 2022Article
- TOR kinase, a GPS in the complex nutrient and hormonal signaling networks to guide plant growth and development.Journal of experimental botany · 2022Review
- Target of Rapamycin Regulates Photosynthesis and Cell Growth inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Target of Rapamycin Signaling Involved in the Regulation of Photosynthesis and Cellular Metabolism inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN is essential for asexual vegetative reproduction in Kalanchoë.Plant physiology · 2022Article
- Contributions of TOR Signaling on Photosynthesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Target of rapamycin, PvTOR, is a key regulator of arbuscule development during mycorrhizal symbiosis in Phaseolus.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Sweet Modifications Modulate Plant Development.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Control of ABA Signaling and Crosstalk with Other Hormones by the Selective Degradation of Pathway Components.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Target of Rapamycin Signaling in Plant Stress Responses.Plant physiology · 2020Review
- Beyond the darkness: recent lessons from etiolation and de-etiolation studies.Journal of experimental botany · 2020Review
- StABI5 Involved in the Regulation of Chloroplast Development and Photosynthesis in Potato.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Autophagy: An Intracellular Degradation Pathway Regulating Plant Survival and Stress Response.Frontiers in plant science · 2020Review
- The Importance of TOR Kinase in Plant Development.Frontiers in plant science · 2020Review
- Target of Rapamycin Regulates Genome Methylation Reprogramming to Control Plant Growth inFrontiers in genetics · 2020Article
- ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE5 Interacts With RIBOSOMAL S6 KINASE2 to Mediate ABA Responses During Seedling Growth inFrontiers in plant science · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Target of Rapamycin (TOR) is an eukaryotic protein kinase and evolutionally conserved from the last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA) to humans. The growing evidences have shown that TOR signaling acts as a central controller of cell growth and development. The downstream effectors of TOR have been well-identified in yeast and animals by using the immunosuppression agent rapamycin. However, less is known about TOR in plants. This is largely due to the fact that plants are insensitive to rapamycin. In this study, AZD8055 (AZD), the novel ATP-competitive inhibitor of TOR, was employed to decipher the downstream effectors of TOR in Arabidopsis. One AZD insensitive mutant, T O R - i nhibitor i n sensitive- 1 (trin1), was screened from 10,000 EMS-induced mutation seeds. The cotyledons of trin1 can turn green when its seeds were germinated on ½ MS medium supplemented with 2 μM AZD, whereas the cotyledons greening of wild-type (WT) can be completely blocked at this concentration. Through genetic mapping, TRIN1 was mapped onto the long arm of chromosome 2, between markers SGCSNP26 and MI277. Positional cloning revealed that TRIN1 was an allele of ABI4, which encoded an ABA-regulated AP2 domain transcription factor. Plants containing P35S::TRIN1 or P35S::TRIN1-GUS were hypersensitive to AZD treatment and displayed the opposite phenotype observed in trin1. Importantly, GUS signaling was significantly enhanced in P35S::TRIN1-GUS transgenic plants in response to AZD treatment, indicating that suppression of TOR resulted in the accumulation of TRIN1. These observations revealed that TOR controlled seed-to-seedling transition by negatively regulating the stability of TRIN1 in Arabidopsis. For the first time, TRIN1, the downstream effector of TOR signaling, was identified through a chemical genetics approach.
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