ArticleMolecular biology and evolution2016
Shotgun Mitogenomics Provides a Reference Phylogenetic Framework and Timescale for Living Xenarthrans.
Article in Molecular biology and evolution, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
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47 citing papers in PubMed, 261 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Peptide Mass Fingerprinting of South American Xenarthrans: A New Resource for Zooarcheology and Palaeontology.Journal of proteome research · 2025Article
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- Exon Capture Museomics Deciphers the Nine-Banded Armadillo Species Complex and Identifies a New Species Endemic to the Guiana Shield.Systematic biology · 2025Article
- Long-read sequencing and genome assembly of natural history collection samples and challenging specimens.Genome biology · 2025Article
- Ontogeny and associated changes of the extinct sloth Simomylodon uccasamamensis (Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) from the Pliocene of the eastern Puna, Argentina.Journal of anatomy · 2025Article
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- Reduced gene flow and bottleneck in the threatened giant armadillo (Priodontes maximus): implications for its conservation.Genetics and molecular biology · 2024Article
- Fleas and lesions in armadillo osteoderms.Journal of anatomy · 2023Article
- Macroecological diversification of ants is linked to angiosperm evolution.Evolution letters · 2023Article
- Defining priority areas for conservation of poorly known species: A case study of the endemic Brazilian three-banded armadillo.Cambridge prisms. Extinction · 2023Article
- Xenarthrans of the collection of Santiago Roth from the Pampean Region of Argentina (Pleistocene), in Zurich, Switzerland.Swiss journal of palaeontology · 2023Article
- From Fairies to Giants: Untangling the Effect of Body Size, Phylogeny, and Ecology on Vertebral Bone Microstructure of Xenarthran Mammals.Integrative organismal biology (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- Food preference of nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus, Linnaeus, 1758) under human care.Veterinary research communications · 2022Article
- Diversification dynamics in the Neotropics through time, clades, and biogeographic regions.eLife · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Xenarthra (armadillos, sloths, and anteaters) constitutes one of the four major clades of placental mammals. Despite their phylogenetic distinctiveness in mammals, a reference phylogeny is still lacking for the 31 described species. Here we used Illumina shotgun sequencing to assemble 33 new complete mitochondrial genomes, establishing Xenarthra as the first major placental clade to be fully sequenced at the species level for mitogenomes. The resulting data set allowed the reconstruction of a robust phylogenetic framework and timescale that are consistent with previous studies conducted at the genus level using nuclear genes. Incorporating the full species diversity of extant xenarthrans points to a number of inconsistencies in xenarthran systematics and species definition. We propose to split armadillos into two distinct families Dasypodidae (dasypodines) and Chlamyphoridae (euphractines, chlamyphorines, and tolypeutines) to better reflect their ancient divergence, estimated around 42 Ma. Species delimitation within long-nosed armadillos (genus Dasypus) appeared more complex than anticipated, with the discovery of a divergent lineage in French Guiana. Diversification analyses showed Xenarthra to be an ancient clade with a constant diversification rate through time with a species turnover driven by high but constant extinction. We also detected a significant negative correlation between speciation rate and past temperature fluctuations with an increase in speciation rate corresponding to the general cooling observed during the last 15 My. Biogeographic reconstructions identified the tropical rainforest biome of Amazonia and the Guiana Shield as the cradle of xenarthran evolutionary history with subsequent dispersions into more open and dry habitats.
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