ArticleCMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne2016
Comparison of black-white disparities in preterm birth between Canada and the United States.
Article in CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
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42 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Racial inequities in severe maternal morbidity among Black and White people in Canada: a population-based cohort study, 2012 to 2023.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2026Article
- Qualitative Exploration of Black Canadian Parents' Experiences of Having a Preterm Infant and Navigating Racism in the NICU.Journal of advanced nursing · 2026Article
- Understanding COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Black, East Asian, and Eastern European Diasporic Communities in Toronto: A Scoping Review.International journal of social determinants of health and health services · 2026Article
- Maternal and neonatal health in Canada's Black communities: A scoping review of epidemiologic studies.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2026Article
- Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Suggest Race-Associated Transcriptomic Differences in Preterm Birth: A Pilot Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Co-Designing a Cultural Informed Framework to Promote the Well-Being of Black Canadian Parents With Preterm Infants: A Qualitative Study Protocol.Journal of advanced nursing · 2026Article
- Pediatric Morbidity Among Black Haitians in Canada: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Health of black children and youth in canada: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Stress-induced developmental plasticity and spontaneous preterm birth: A justice-oriented eco-evo-devo review.European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology: X · 2025Review
- Fecundability in Association With Everyday and Lifetime Discrimination.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Article
- An evaluation of the quality, suitability and impact on equity of clinical practice guidelines relevant to preterm birth for use in Aotearoa New Zealand.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- Achieving equity in reproductive care and birth outcomes for Black people in Canada.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2024Article
- HIV Prevention and Treatment Interventions for Black Men Who Have Sex With Men in Canada: Scoping Systematic Review.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- The Maternal and Infant Environmental Health Riskscape study of perinatal disparities in greater Houston: rationale, study design and participant profiles.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2024Article
- Article
- New Hypertension After Pregnancy in Patients With Heart Disease.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
- Invited Perspective: Toxic Metals and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Article
- Association between very advanced maternal age women with gestational diabetes mellitus and the risks of adverse infant outcomes: a cohort study from the NVSS 2014-2019.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Health in colour: black women, racism, and maternal health.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2023Review
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6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundA higher risk of preterm birth among black women than among white women is well established in the United States. We compared differences in preterm birth between non-Hispanic black and white women in Canada and the US, hypothesizing that disparities would be less extreme in Canada given the different historical experiences of black populations and Canada's universal health care system.
methodsUsing data on singleton live births in Canada and the US for 2004-2006, we estimated crude and adjusted risk ratios and risk differences in preterm birth (< 37 wk) and very preterm birth (< 32 wk) among non-Hispanic black versus non-Hispanic white women in each country. Adjusted models for the US were standardized to the covariate distribution of the Canadian cohort.
resultsIn Canada, 8.9% and 5.9% of infants born to black and white mothers, respectively, were preterm; the corresponding figures in the US were 12.7% and 8.0%. Crude risk ratios for preterm birth among black women relative to white women were 1.49 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.32 to 1.66) in Canada and 1.57 (95% CI 1.56 to 1.58) in the US (p value for heterogeneity [pH] = 0.3). The crude risk differences for preterm birth were 2.94 (95% CI 1.91 to 3.96) in Canada and 4.63 (95% CI 4.56 to 4.70) in the US (pH = 0.003). Adjusted risk ratios for preterm birth (pH = 0.1) were slightly higher in Canada than in the US, whereas adjusted risk differences were similar in both countries. Similar patterns were observed for racial disparities in very preterm birth.
interpretationRelative disparities in preterm birth and very preterm birth between non-Hispanic black and white women were similar in magnitude in Canada and the US. Absolute disparities were smaller in Canada, which reflects a lower overall risk of preterm birth in Canada than in the US in both black and white populations.
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