ReviewJournal of gastroenterology2016
Regulation of virulence: the rise and fall of gastrointestinal pathogens.
Review in Journal of gastroenterology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- The protease code of the bacterial gut microbiota: ecological regulation, barrier disruption, and rewiring host defense and signaling.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- HMGB1 functions as a critical mediator of host defense at the gut mucosal barrier.Cell host & microbe · 2026Article
- Article
- Succinate-driven virulence enhancement in hypervirulentMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Effects of Zeolite on Virulence Gene Content in Avian PathogenicVeterinary medicine international · 2026Article
- Comprehensive analysis ofGut microbes · 2025Article
- Article
- Mutation- and Transcription-Driven Omic Burden of Daptomycin/Dalbavancin-R and Glycopeptide-RS Fitness Costs in High-Risk MRSA: A Nexus in Antimicrobial Resistance Mechanisms-Genome Proneness-Compensatory Adaptations.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- A review of gut failure as a cause and consequence of critical illness.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Review
- Microbiome Dynamics: A Paradigm Shift in Combatting Infectious Diseases.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- A metagenomic approach to unveil the association between fecal gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in diarrhea caused by diarrheagenicMicrobial cell (Graz, Austria) · 2024Article
- The oral-gut axis: a missing piece in the IBD puzzle.Inflammation and regeneration · 2023Review
- The role of microbiota in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A review of the literature.Thoracic cancer · 2023Review
- Detection of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates by isothermal amplification and association of their virulence genes and phylogroups with extraintestinal infection.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Survey of Colistin Resistance in Commensal Bacteria fromFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- HP0953 - hypothetical virulence factor overexpresion and localization duringWorld journal of gastroenterology · 2022Article
- Periodontal connection with intestinal inflammation: Microbiological and immunological mechanisms.Periodontology 2000 · 2022Review
- Review
- Gut microbiome alterations and gut barrier dysfunction are associated with host immune homeostasis in COVID-19 patients.BMC medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Colonization resistance by the commensal microbiota is a key defense against infectious pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract. The microbiota directly competes with incoming pathogens by occupying the colonization niche, depleting nutrients in the gut lumen as well as indirectly inhibiting the growth of pathogens through activation of host immunity. Enteric pathogens have evolved strategies to cope with microbiota-mediated colonization resistance. Pathogens utilize a wide array of virulence factors to outcompete their commensal rivals in the gut. However, since the expression of virulence factors is costly to maintain and reduces bacterial fitness, pathogens need to regulate their virulence properly in order to maximize their fitness. To this end, most pathogens use environmental cues to regulate their virulence gene expression. Thus, a dynamic regulation of virulence factor expression is a key invasion strategy utilized by enteric pathogens. On the other hand, host immunity selectively targets virulent pathogens in order to counter infection in the gut. The host immune system is generally tolerant of harmless microorganisms, such as the commensal microbiota. Moreover, the host relies on its commensal microbiota to contribute, in concert with its immune system, to the elimination of pathogens. Collectively, regulation of virulence determines the fate of enteric pathogens, from the establishment of infection to the eventual elimination. Here, we will review the dynamics of virulence and its role in infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.