ArticleMolecular immunology2015
Genotype-specific regulation of oral innate immunity by T2R38 taste receptor.
Article in Molecular immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Taste Genetics and Oral Health Symptoms in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Associations of taste receptor gene variants with Body Mass Index (BMI) and longevity.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Cranberry Polyphenol Extract (CPE) Oral Rinse Improves Salivary Microbiome in 6-n-Propylthiouracil (PROP) Non-Tasters and Palatability of Aronia Juice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The structure and function of taste G protein-coupled receptors and their implications in diseases.International journal of oral science · 2026Review
- Innate immune functions of bitter taste receptors across physiological systems.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Bitter Taste Receptors in Bacterial Infections and Innate Immunity.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Review
- hTAS2R38 polymorphisms modulate oral microbiota and influence the prevalence and treatment outcome of halitosis.Microbiome · 2025Article
- Extragustatory bitter taste receptors in head and neck health and disease.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Review
- Generalised Periodontitis: Examining TAS2R16 Serum Levels and Common Gene Polymorphisms (rs860170, rs978739, rs1357949).Biomedicines · 2024Article
- The role of the oral microbiome in obesity and metabolic disease: potential systemic implications and effects on taste perception.Nutrition journal · 2023Review
- Genetic variants in taste genes play a role in oral microbial composition and severe early childhood caries.iScience · 2022Article
- The Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Iberin on TNF-α-Stimulated Human Oral Epithelial Cells: In Vitro Research.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Role of Taste Receptors in Innate Immunity and Oral Health.Journal of dental research · 2022Review
- Article
- TAS2R38 polymorphisms and oral diseases in Thais: a cross-sectional study.BMC oral health · 2022Article
- Immune Regulatory Roles of Cells Expressing Taste Signaling Elements in Nongustatory Tissues.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2022Article
- Oral Microbiota-Host Interaction Mediated by Taste Receptors.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Association of Bitter Taste Receptor T2R38 Polymorphisms, Oral Microbiota, and Rheumatoid Arthritis.Current issues in molecular biology · 2021Article
- Bitter Taste Receptor T2R14 Modulates Gram-Positive Bacterial Internalization and Survival in Gingival Epithelial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The bitter taste receptor T2R38 has been shown to regulate mucosal innate immune responses in the upper airway epithelium. Furthermore, SNPs in T2R38 influence the sensitivity to 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) and are associated with caries risk/protection. However, no study has been reported on the role of T2R38 in the innate immune responses to oral bacteria. We hypothesize that T2R38 regulates oral innate immunity and that this regulation is genotype-specific. Primary gingival epithelial cells carrying three common genotypes, PAV/PAV (PROP super-taster), AVI/PAV (intermediate) and AVI/AVI (non-taster) were stimulated with cariogenic bacteria Streptococcus mutans, periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis or non-pathogen Fusobacterium nucleatum. QRT-PCR analyzed T2R38 mRNA, and T2R38-specific siRNA and ELISA were utilized to evaluate induction of hBD-2 (antimicrobial peptide), IL-1α and IL-8 in various donor-lines. Experiments were set up in duplicate and repeated three times. T2R38 mRNA induction in response to S. mutans was highest in PAV/PAV (4.3-fold above the unstimulated controls; p<0.05), while lowest in AVI/AVI (1.2-fold). In PAV/PAV, hBD-2 secretion in response to S. mutans was decreased by 77% when T2R38 was silenced. IL-1α secretion was higher in PAV/PAV compared to AVI/PAV or AVI/AVI with S. mutans stimulation, but it was reduced by half when T2R38 was silenced (p<0.05). In response to P. gingivalis, AVI/AVI showed 4.4-fold increase (p<0.05) in T2R38 expression, whereas the levels in PAV/PAV and AVI/PAV remained close to that of the controls. Secretion levels of IL-1α and IL-8 decreased in AVI/AVI in response to P. gingivalis when T2R38 was silenced (p<0.05), while the changes were not significant in PAV/PAV. Our data suggest that the regulation of gingival innate immunity by T2R38 is genotype-dependent and that the ability to induce a high level of hBD-2 by PAV/PAV carriers may be a reason for protection against caries in this group.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.