ArticleNature neuroscience2015
Climbing fibers encode a temporal-difference prediction error during cerebellar learning in mice.
Article in Nature neuroscience, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 161 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
161 citing papers in PubMed.
- Purkinje Cells in Crus I and II Encode the Visual Stimulus and the Impending Choice as Monkeys Learn a Reinforcement-Based Visuomotor Association Task.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Cortical circuit implementation of signed deviant detection with positive and negative prediction error neurons.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Brain-AI convergence: Generative world models and hierarchical attention for human intelligence.Patterns (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Review
- Representations of Subsecond Duration-Based Timing by Complex Spike Synchrony in Cerebellar Purkinje Neurons.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- The Human Cerebellum Encodes Temporally Sensitive Reinforcement Learning Signals.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Critical period plasticity enables credit assignment.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Random innervation of cerebellar Purkinje cells as a substrate for diverse representational learning.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Investigating Cerebello-Cortical Networks With EEG: Advances and Future Challenges.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2026Review
- Neural circuits encode prior knowledge of temporal statistics.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- The cerebellum implements structured representation of valence to support adaptive behavior control.Science advances · 2026Article
- MeCP2 is Necessary in Cerebellar Purkinje Cells for Precise Network Dynamics During Associative Motor Learning.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Cerebellar contributions to action and cognition: Prediction, timescale, and continuity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Cerebellar Time and Relative Time: A Comparator-Based Dynamical Timing Model and its Relevance to Psychopathology and Therapies.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2026Review
- LRRC55 modulates BK channels to support Purkinje cell plasticity and motor coordination.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- A neural language for the cerebellum: control of behavior via competing populations of Purkinje cells.Journal of neurophysiology · 2026Review
- Impulsivity in cerebellar ataxia: an online, multidimensional assessment.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Article
- Triggering action potentials of a single neuron by multiphoton excitation elicits visually guided behavior.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Consensus Paper: Models of Cerebellar Functions.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2026Review
- CUSP: Complex spike sorting from multi-electrode array recordings with U-net sequence-to-sequence prediction.Journal of neuroscience methods · 2026Article
101 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Climbing fiber inputs to Purkinje cells are thought to be involved in generating the instructive signals that drive cerebellar learning. To investigate how these instructive signals are encoded, we recorded the activity of individual climbing fibers during cerebellum-dependent eyeblink conditioning in mice. We found that climbing fibers signaled both the unexpected delivery and the unexpected omission of the periocular airpuff that served as the instructive signal for eyeblink conditioning. In addition, we observed that climbing fibers activated by periocular airpuffs also responded to stimuli from other sensory modalities if those stimuli were novel or if they predicted that the periocular airpuff was about to be presented. This pattern of climbing fiber activity is markedly similar to the responses of dopamine neurons during reinforcement learning, which have been shown to encode a particular type of instructive signal known as a temporal difference prediction error.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.