ArticleInternational journal of clinical and experimental medicine2015
Three pro-nuclei (3PN) incidence factors and clinical outcomes: a retrospective study from the fresh embryo transfer of in vitro fertilization with donor sperm (IVF-D).
Article in International journal of clinical and experimental medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical outcomes of 1PN- and 3PN-derived blastocysts in the absence of transferable 2PN embryos: A retrospective analysis.PloS one · 2026Article
- Three Novel Mutations in TUBB8 Cause Female Infertility Due to Multiple Morphological Abnormalities of the Oocyte and Early Embryo.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025Article
- Influencing factors of three pronuclei incidence and their impact on pregnancy outcomes in women with good prognosis undergoing conventionalFrontiers in reproductive health · 2025Article
- The Identification of Molecular Ploidy Status of Abnormal Pronuclear Zygotes Reveals a Significant Number of Euploid Blastocysts Available for Conception.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- LH level on trigger day, number of follicles ≥16 mm but <18 mm, and number of retrieved oocytes are independent risk factors for polyspermy in gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocol.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Assessing the clinical viability of micro 3 pronuclei zygotes.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2023Article
- The Inclusion Principles of Human Embryos in the WOW-Based Time-Lapse System: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Article
- Thoughts on the popularity of ICSI.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2021Review
- Reproductive outcomes with donor sperm in couples with severe male-factor infertility after intracytoplasmic sperm injection failures.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2020Article
- Time-lapse observation and transcriptome analysis of a case with repeated multiple pronuclei after IVF/ICSI.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2017Article
- The Frequency of Chromosomal Euploidy Among 3PN Embryos.Journal of reproduction & infertilityArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe aim of this study was to explore the main factors of 3PN incidence and determine whether the presence of 3PN could lead to a worse pregnancy outcome.
methodsThis study included 508 IVF-D (in vitro fertilization with donor sperm) cycles from January 2013 to September 2014. The patients were divided into three groups as follows: group 1 included patients with no 3PN zygotes, group 2 included patients with 1%-25% 3PN zygotes and group 3 included patients with > 25% 3PN zygotes.
resultsWe observed that more retrieved oocytes and higher HCG day peak E2 value could result in 3PN incidence more easily. When the 3PN zygotes rate was > 25%, the percentages of normal fertilization (68.4% and 66.3% and 46.4%, P < 0.001), day 3 grade I+II embryos (41.2% and 38.6% and 25.8%, P < 0.001), day 3 grade I+II+III embryos (68.7% and 65.2% and 61.4%, P = 0.032) and implantation rates (52.1% and 50.8% and 45.4%, P = 0.026) were significantly lower than that in the other two groups respectively. The pregnancy rate was lower in 3PN > 25% group than that in the other two groups but there was no significant difference (65.2% and 66.7% and 55.6%, P = 0.266). The cleavage (98.3% and 97.2% and 98.2%, P = 0.063) and early abortion (7.1% and 8.0% and 8.6%, P = 0.930) rate were identical among three groups.
conclusionsMore retrieved oocytes and higher HCG day peak E2 value could result in 3PN incidence more easily. Interestingly, normal fertilization rate, day-3 grade I+II embryos rate, day-3 grade I+II+III embryos rate and implantation rate were significantly lower in IVF-D cycles with a 3PN incidence of > 25%. The number of day-3 grade I+II embryos might be a key factor for pregnancy in IVF-D cycles with a 3PN incidence of > 25%.
Indexed as
Identifiers
26550358PMC4613043W2154311631What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
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