Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26546975›Full record

ArticleDevelopmental biology2015

CRISPR/Cas9: An inexpensive, efficient loss of function tool to screen human disease genes in Xenopus.

Dipankan Bhattacharya, Chris A Marfo, Davis Li, Maura Lane, Mustafa K Khokha

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Developmental biology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
89citing papers in PubMed
7.8field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

89 citing papers in PubMed, 136 citations in OpenAlex.

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29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Dipankan BhattacharyaDepartments of Genetics and Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States.
Chris A MarfoDepartments of Genetics and Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States.
Davis LiDepartments of Genetics and Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States.
Maura LaneDepartments of Genetics and Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States.
Mustafa K KhokhaDepartments of Genetics and Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States. Electronic address: Mustafa.khokha@yale.edu.
Yale University · US

Funding

MEDICAL SCIENTIST TRAINING PROGRAMT32GM007205 · NIGMS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI KAZMIERCZAK, BARBARA I · 1985 to 2019
$42.9M
Resource CoreP40OD010997 · OD · MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY · PI Marko E Horb · 2012 to 2026
$13.1M
GENETICS AND GENOMICS OF HUMAN DISEASET32HD007149 · NICHD · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI James P Noonan · 1985 to 2026
$8.2M
A system approach to the analysis of Heterotaxy Candiate GenesR01HD081379 · NICHD · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI KHOKHA, MUSTAFA K · 2014 to 2018
$2.7M
Cardiac phenotyping of CHD candidate genes in XenopusR33HL120783 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI BRUECKNER, MARTINA, KHOKHA, MUSTAFA K · 2016 to 2018
$1.6M
Cardiac phenotyping of CHD candidate genes in XenopusR21HL120783 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI BRUECKNER, MARTINA, KHOKHA, MUSTAFA K · 2014 to 2015
$451k
Elucidating a novel function for slco1a2, an organic anion transporter, in left-right patterning and cardiac developmentF30HL132482 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI BHATTACHARYA, DIPANKAN · 2016 to 2017
$50k
NHLBI NIH HHS 5R21HL120783NHLBI NIH HHS F30 HL132482NHLBI NIH HHS R21 HL120783NHLBI NIH HHS R33 HL120783NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD081379NICHD NIH HHS R01HD081379NICHD NIH HHS T32 HD007149NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007205NIGMS NIH HHS T32GM07205NIH HHS P40 OD010997
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Congenital malformations are the major cause of infant mortality in the US and Europe. Due to rapid advances in human genomics, we can now efficiently identify sequence variants that may cause disease in these patients. However, establishing disease causality remains a challenge. Additionally, in the case of congenital heart disease, many of the identified candidate genes are either novel to embryonic development or have no known function. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop inexpensive and efficient technologies to screen these candidate genes for disease phenocopy in model systems and to perform functional studies to uncover their role in development. For this purpose, we sought to test F0 CRISPR based gene editing as a loss of function strategy for disease phenocopy in the frog model organism, Xenopus tropicalis. We demonstrate that the CRISPR/Cas9 system can efficiently modify both alleles in the F0 generation within a few hours post fertilization, recapitulating even early disease phenotypes that are highly similar to knockdowns from morpholino oligos (MOs) in nearly all cases tested. We find that injecting Cas9 protein is dramatically more efficacious and less toxic than cas9 mRNA. We conclude that CRISPR based F0 gene modification in X. tropicalis is efficient and cost effective and readily recapitulates disease and MO phenotypes.

Indexed as

CRISPR-Cas SystemsAnimalsDiseaseEmbryonic DevelopmentGene Knockdown TechniquesGenetic TestingHeart Defects, CongenitalHumansModels, GeneticRNA EditingXenopusbeta-cateninCas9 proteinccdc40CRISPRdnah9foxj1Fragment analysisMorpholinopax8tyrosinaseXenopus tropicalis

Identifiers

PMID26546975
PMCPMC4684459
OpenAlexW2195301576

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.