ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2016
Association of Parity and Time since Last Birth with Breast Cancer Prognosis by Intrinsic Subtype.
Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Validation of a novel prognostic staging system for breast cancer incorporating age at diagnosis.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2026Article
- Safe and successful pregnancy following breast cancer treatment in young patients 35 years old or under without invasive fertility preservation: a retrospective study.Annals of surgical treatment and research · 2024Article
- Reproductive history and breast cancer survival: Findings from the African breast cancer-Disparities in outcomes cohort and implications of Africa's fertility transition on breast cancer prognosis.International journal of cancer · 2023Article
- Role of Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 1 in Early Breast Carcinogenesis and Breast Cancer Aggressiveness.Cancers · 2023Article
- Overall survival is the lowest among young women with postpartum breast cancer.European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2022Article
- Molecular and Clinical Characterization of Postpartum-Associated Breast Cancer in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study Phase I-III, 1993-2013.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2022Article
- The impact of endogenous estrogen exposures on the characteristics and outcomes of estrogen receptor positive, early breast cancer.Discover oncology · 2021Article
- Breast Cancer Risk Factors and Survival by Tumor Subtype: Pooled Analyses from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2021Article
- Proteomics and its applications in breast cancer.American journal of cancer research · 2021Review
- Reproductive factors and risk of breast cancer by tumor subtypes among Ghanaian women: A population-based case-control study.International journal of cancer · 2020Article
- Integrating biology and access to care in addressing breast cancer disparities: 25 years' research experience in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study.Current breast cancer reports · 2020Article
- High Parity Predicts Poor Outcomes in Patients With Luminal B-Like (HER2 Negative) Early Breast Cancer: A Prospective Finnish Single-Center Study.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Article
- Associations of reproductive factors with breast cancer prognosis and the modifying effects of menopausal status.Cancer medicine · 2020Observational
- The Influence of Number and Timing of Pregnancies on Breast Cancer Risk for Women WithJNCI cancer spectrum · 2018Article
- Human Chorionic Gonadotropin and Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundParity and time since last birth influence breast cancer risk and vary by intrinsic tumor subtype, but the independent effects of these factors on prognosis have received limited attention.
methodsStudy participants were 1,140 invasive breast cancer patients from phases I and II of the population-based Carolina Breast Cancer Study, with tissue blocks available for subtyping using immunohistochemical markers. Breast cancer risk factors, including pregnancy history, were collected via in-person interviews administered shortly after diagnosis. Vital status was determined using the National Death Index. The association of parity and birth recency with breast cancer-specific and overall survival was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models.
resultsDuring follow-up (median = 13.5 years), 450 patients died, 61% due to breast cancer (n = 276). High parity (3+ births) and recent birth (<5 years before diagnosis) were positively associated with breast cancer-specific mortality, independent of age, race, and selected socioeconomic factors [parity, reference = nulliparous, adjusted HR = 1.76; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.13-2.73; birth recency, reference = 10+ years, adjusted HR = 1.29; 95% CI, 0.79-2.11]. The associations were stronger among patients with luminal tumors and those surviving longer than 5 years.
conclusionsParity and recent birth are associated with worse survival among breast cancer patients, particularly among luminal breast cancers and long-term survivors. IMPACT: The biologic effects of parity and birth recency may extend from etiology to tumor promotion and progression.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.